Psalm 106:42
Their enemies oppressed them, and subdued them under their hand.
Their enemies oppressed them
This phrase highlights the recurring theme of Israel's struggles with surrounding nations. The Hebrew root for "oppressed" is "lachats," which conveys a sense of being pressed or squeezed, often used to describe severe affliction or distress. Historically, Israel faced numerous oppressors, from the Egyptians to the Philistines, and later the Assyrians and Babylonians. This oppression was often a consequence of Israel's disobedience to God, serving as a divine chastisement intended to bring them back to faithfulness. Theologically, this phrase reminds us of the spiritual battles Christians face today, where the "enemies" can be seen as sin, temptation, and the forces of evil that seek to oppress and lead believers away from God.

and subdued them under their hand
The word "subdued" comes from the Hebrew "kana," meaning to bring into subjection or to humble. This indicates a complete domination, where the Israelites were not only oppressed but also brought low, losing their autonomy and freedom. Historically, this subjugation often involved heavy tributes, forced labor, and loss of sovereignty. The phrase "under their hand" signifies control and authority, illustrating the power dynamics at play. In a spiritual sense, this serves as a cautionary tale for believers about the consequences of turning away from God, emphasizing the importance of remaining under God's hand rather than falling under the hand of spiritual adversaries. It is a call to humility and repentance, recognizing that true freedom and victory come from submission to God's will.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Israelites
The chosen people of God who often found themselves oppressed due to their disobedience and idolatry.

2. Enemies
Various nations and peoples who oppressed the Israelites, such as the Philistines, Babylonians, and Assyrians.

3. Oppression
The state of being subject to unjust treatment or control, often as a consequence of Israel's disobedience to God.

4. Subjugation
The act of bringing someone under control, which in this context refers to the Israelites being dominated by their enemies.

5. Covenant
The agreement between God and Israel, which included blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience.
Teaching Points
Consequences of Disobedience
Just as the Israelites faced oppression due to their disobedience, we too can experience spiritual and sometimes physical consequences when we turn away from God's commands.

God's Sovereignty in Discipline
God allows discipline as a means to bring His people back to Him. Understanding His sovereignty can help us trust Him even in difficult times.

The Importance of Repentance
The history of Israel shows that repentance leads to restoration. We should be quick to repent and seek God's forgiveness when we stray.

Spiritual Warfare
Just as Israel faced physical enemies, Christians face spiritual battles. We must be vigilant and rely on God's strength to overcome.

Hope in God's Mercy
Despite Israel's repeated failures, God remained merciful. This gives us hope that no matter how far we stray, God is always ready to forgive and restore us.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the oppression of the Israelites in Psalm 106:42 reflect the consequences of disobedience in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we identify and combat the "enemies" or challenges that seek to subdue us spiritually today?

3. How does understanding God's discipline as an act of love change our perspective on difficult circumstances?

4. What steps can we take to ensure that we remain faithful to God's covenant in our daily lives?

5. How can the account of Israel's repeated cycles of sin and repentance encourage us in our personal walk with God?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Judges 2:14-15
This passage describes how God allowed Israel's enemies to plunder them as a consequence of their disobedience, similar to the oppression mentioned in Psalm 106:42.

Deuteronomy 28:47-48
These verses outline the curses that would come upon Israel for not serving God joyfully, including being oppressed by enemies.

Nehemiah 9:27
This verse recounts how God delivered Israel into the hands of their enemies when they turned away from Him, but also how He showed mercy when they cried out to Him.

Romans 1:21-24
Paul describes how turning away from God leads to a downward spiral of sin and subjugation to sinful desires, paralleling Israel's experience of oppression due to disobedience.
The Nevertheless of God's MercyS. Conway Psalm 106:1-48
Four Solemn Thoughts Concerning GodHomilistPsalm 106:40-46
Man's Misery and God's CompassionC. Short Psalm 106:40-46
People
Aaron, Abiram, Baalpeor, Dathan, Ham, Phinehas, Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Crushed, Enemies, Hands, Humbled, Low, Oppress, Oppressed, Power, Subdued, Subjected, Subjection
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 106:33-48

     3272   Holy Spirit, in OT

Psalm 106:39-46

     5246   captivity

Library
June the Twelfth Waiting for the Spectacular
"The waves covered their enemies.... Then believed they His words." --PSALM cvi. 1-12. Their faith was born in a great emergency. A spectacular deliverance was needed to implant their trust in the Lord. They found no witness in the quiet daily providence; the unobtrusive miracle of daily mercy did not awake their song. They dwelt upon the "special" blessing, when all the time the really special blessing was to be found in the sleepless care which watched over them in their ordinary and commonplace
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

Israel at the Red Sea
"A few more rolling years at most, Will land me on fair Canaan's coast.' And then I shall have no more warfare, no more fighting, no more disturbance; but I shall be at peace." "Not quite as thou desirest," says God. "Oh! thou little one; I have more to teach thee ere thou art prepared for my palace." Then he commences to lead us about, and bring us into straits and perils. The sins which we thought had utterly left us are hunting us behind, while impassible floods block up the way. Even trembling
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 2: 1856

Why are Men Saved?
"The hand that made us is Divine." If we listen to the rippling of the freshet at the mountain side, to the tumbling of the avalanche, to the lowing of the cattle, to the singing of the birds, to every voice and sound of nature, we shall hear this answer to the question, "God is our maker; he hath made us, and not we ourselves." The next question, as to design--Why were these things made?--is not so easy to answer, apart from Scripture; but when we look at Scripture we discover this fact--that as
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 3: 1857

Sin: Its Spring-Head, Stream, and Sea
It may help us to escape out of the meshes of our natural depravity, if we look back and see the causes of our fathers' sins. To confess our personal sin will tend to keep us humble; and in view of the Lord's mercy, which has spared and pardoned us, a sense of our guilt will make us grateful. The less we think of ourselves the more we shall think of him whose "mercy endureth for ever"; and if we see where our fathers' sins began, and how they grew, and what they came to, we may hope that the Spirit
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 37: 1891

The Waters of Meribah
'Then came the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month: and the people abode in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there. 2. And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron. 3. And the people chode with Moses, and spake, saying, Would God that we had died when our brethren died before the Lord! 4. And why have ye brought up the congregation of the Lord into this wilderness,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Fourteenth Day. The Holy one of God.
Therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.'--Luke i. 35. 'We have believed and know that Thou art the Holy One of God.'--John vi. 69. 'The holy one of the Lord'--only once (Ps. cvi. 16) the expression is found in the Old Testament. It is spoken of Aaron, in whom holiness, as far as it could then be revealed, had found its most complete embodiment. The title waited for its fulfilment in Him who alone, in His own person, could perfectly show forth
Andrew Murray—Holy in Christ

Man's Misery by the Fall
Q-19: WHAT IS THE MISERY OF THAT ESTATE WHEREINTO MAN FELL? A: All mankind by their fall lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made liable to all the miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of hell for ever. 'And were by nature children of wrath.' Eph 2:2. Adam left an unhappy portion to his posterity, Sin and Misery. Having considered the first of these, original sin, we shall now advert to the misery of that state. In the first, we have seen mankind offending;
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Our Status.
"And he believed in the Lord: and he counted it to him for righteousness." --Gen. xv. 6. The right touches a man's status. So long as the law has not proven him guilty, has not convicted and sentenced him, his legal status is that of a free and law-abiding citizen. But as soon as his guilt is proven in court and the jury has convicted him, he passes from that into the status of the bound and law-breaking citizen. The same applies to our relation to God. Our status before God is that either of the
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Twenty Second Sunday after Trinity Paul's Thanks and Prayers for Churches.
Text: Philippians 1, 3-11. 3 I thank my God upon all my remembrance of you, 4 always in every supplication of mine on behalf of you all making my supplication with joy, 5 for your fellowship in furtherance of the gospel from the first day until now; 6 being confident of this very thing, that he who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Jesus Christ: 7 even as it is right for me to be thus minded on behalf of you all, because I have you in my heart, inasmuch as, both in my bonds
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Elucidations.
I. (Deadly Sins, cap. ix., p. 356.) To maintain a modern and wholly uncatholic system of Penitence, the schoolmen invented a technical scheme of sins mortal and sins venial, which must not be read into the Fathers, who had no such technicalities in mind. By "deadly sins" they meant all such as St. John recognizes (1 John v. 16-17) and none other; that is to say sins of surprise and infirmity, sins having in them no malice or wilful disobedience, such as an impatient word, or a momentary neglect of
Tertullian—The Five Books Against Marcion

Rest for the Weary
Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. W hich shall we admire most -- the majesty, or the grace, conspicuous in this invitation? How soon would the greatest earthly monarch be impoverished, and his treasures utterly exhausted, if all, that are poor and miserable, had encouragement to apply freely to him, with a promise of relief, fully answerable to their wants and wishes! But the riches of Christ are unsearchable and inexhaustible. If millions and millions
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

The Second Commandment
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am o jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of then that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.' Exod 20: 4-6. I. Thou shalt not
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners:
A BRIEF AND FAITHFUL RELATION OF THE EXCEEDING MERCY OF GOD IN CHRIST TO HIS POOR SERVANT, JOHN BUNYAN; WHEREIN IS PARTICULARLY SHOWED THE MANNER OF HIS CONVERSION, HIS SIGHT AND TROUBLE FOR SIN, HIS DREADFUL TEMPTATIONS, ALSO HOW HE DESPAIRED OF GOD'S MERCY, AND HOW THE LORD AT LENGTH THROUGH CHRIST DID DELIVER HIM FROM ALL THE GUILT AND TERROR THAT LAY UPON HIM. Whereunto is added a brief relation of his call to the work of the ministry, of his temptations therein, as also what he hath met with
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Obedience
Take heed, and hearken, O Israel; this day thou art become the people of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt therefore obey the voice of the Lord thy God, and do his commandments.' Deut 27: 9, 10. What is the duty which God requireth of man? Obedience to his revealed will. It is not enough to hear God's voice, but we must obey. Obedience is a part of the honour we owe to God. If then I be a Father, where is my honour?' Mal 1: 6. Obedience carries in it the life-blood of religion. Obey the voice of the Lord
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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