Numbers 31:41

Moses gave the tribute to Eleazar the priest as an offering for the LORD, as the LORD had commanded Moses.

Study Bible

Moses gave the tribute
The phrase "Moses gave the tribute" indicates an act of obedience and leadership. Moses, as the leader of the Israelites, was responsible for ensuring that the spoils of war were distributed according to God's command. The Hebrew root for "gave" is "נָתַן" (natan), which means to give, put, or set. This act of giving is significant as it reflects Moses' role as a mediator between God and the people, ensuring that the divine instructions were followed precisely. The "tribute" refers to a portion of the spoils taken from the Midianites, which were to be dedicated to God. This act of giving back to God from what He has provided is a recurring theme in Scripture, emphasizing stewardship and gratitude.

to Eleazar the priest
"Eleazar the priest" was the son of Aaron and succeeded him as the high priest. The role of the priest was crucial in maintaining the spiritual and ceremonial aspects of Israelite life. The Hebrew name "אֶלְעָזָר" (Eleazar) means "God has helped," which is fitting given his role in assisting Moses and serving as a spiritual leader. By giving the tribute to Eleazar, Moses was ensuring that the offering was handled by someone who was consecrated and set apart for service to God. This highlights the importance of holiness and the proper handling of sacred things.

as an offering to the LORD
The phrase "as an offering to the LORD" underscores the purpose of the tribute. The Hebrew word for "offering" is "תְּרוּמָה" (terumah), which refers to a contribution or gift set apart for God. This offering was a tangible expression of worship and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and provision. It served as a reminder that all victories and blessings come from Him, and thus, a portion is rightfully returned to Him in gratitude and reverence. This act of offering is a central theme in the Old Testament, illustrating the covenant relationship between God and His people.

as the LORD had commanded Moses
The phrase "as the LORD had commanded Moses" emphasizes the divine authority behind the actions taken. The Hebrew word for "commanded" is "צִוָּה" (tzavah), which means to command, charge, or appoint. This indicates that the instructions were not merely suggestions but authoritative directives from God. Moses' adherence to God's command reflects his faithfulness and the importance of obedience in the life of a believer. It serves as a model for how God's people are to live—by following His commands and trusting in His wisdom and guidance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and through the wilderness. In this passage, Moses is acting in obedience to God's command regarding the distribution of the spoils of war.

2. Eleazar the Priest
The son of Aaron and the high priest at this time. He is responsible for the spiritual leadership of Israel and the proper execution of religious duties, including receiving offerings.

3. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who commands the distribution of the spoils and receives the tribute as an offering.

4. The Israelites
The people of God, who have just defeated the Midianites and are now distributing the spoils of war according to God's instructions.

5. The Midianites
A people who opposed Israel and were defeated in battle. Their defeat and the subsequent distribution of their spoils are central to this chapter.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
Moses' actions demonstrate the importance of following God's instructions precisely. As believers, we are called to obey God's Word in our lives.

Role of Spiritual Leadership
Eleazar's role as a priest underscores the importance of spiritual leaders in guiding and maintaining the community's relationship with God.

Offering to the LORD
The tribute given to the LORD signifies the acknowledgment of His sovereignty and provision. We are reminded to offer our best to God in gratitude and worship.

Community and Stewardship
The distribution of spoils reflects the communal aspect of God's people and the responsibility of stewardship. We are called to manage our resources wisely and for God's glory.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Moses' obedience in this passage challenge us to respond to God's commands in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we support and honor the spiritual leaders in our communities, similar to how Eleazar was honored with the tribute?

3. What are some practical ways we can offer our "tribute" to the LORD today, acknowledging His provision and sovereignty?

4. How does the concept of stewardship in this passage apply to our management of resources, both individually and as a church community?

5. How can the principles of obedience, leadership, and offering in Numbers 31:41 be connected to the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 27
Discusses the laws of tithes and offerings, providing a background for understanding the concept of giving a portion to the LORD.

1 Samuel 2
Highlights the role of the priesthood and the importance of offerings, similar to Eleazar's role in receiving the tribute.

Hebrews 7
Connects the priesthood of Eleazar to the greater priesthood of Christ, emphasizing the importance of offerings and intercession.