Matthew 17:10
The disciples asked Him, "Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?"
The disciples asked Him
This phrase indicates a moment of inquiry and learning for the disciples. In the Greek, "disciples" (μαθηταί) refers to learners or followers, emphasizing their role as students of Jesus. This question arises after witnessing the Transfiguration, a profound spiritual experience that left them seeking deeper understanding. The act of asking shows their humility and desire for clarity, a model for believers to seek wisdom from Christ.

Why then
This phrase introduces a question of timing and sequence. The disciples are grappling with the prophetic teachings they have learned, particularly those concerning the coming of Elijah. The word "then" (οὖν) in Greek serves as a logical connector, indicating that their question is based on previous teachings and events. It reflects a common human desire to understand God's timeline and the fulfillment of prophecy.

do the scribes say
The scribes were the learned men of the Jewish law, responsible for teaching and interpreting the Scriptures. Their role was crucial in Jewish society, as they were seen as authorities on religious matters. The disciples reference the scribes to understand the prevailing interpretation of prophecy. This highlights the tension between Jesus' teachings and traditional Jewish expectations, a recurring theme in the Gospels.

that Elijah must come first
This phrase refers to the prophecy found in Malachi 4:5, which states, "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD." The expectation was that Elijah would return to prepare the way for the Messiah. In Jewish tradition, Elijah's return was seen as a precursor to the Messianic age. The disciples' question reflects their struggle to reconcile this expectation with the reality of Jesus' ministry. Jesus later clarifies that John the Baptist fulfilled this role, emphasizing the spiritual rather than literal fulfillment of prophecy.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jesus Christ
The central figure of the New Testament, who is being questioned by His disciples in this passage.

2. The Disciples
Followers of Jesus who are seeking understanding about the prophecy concerning Elijah.

3. The Scribes
Jewish religious leaders and scholars of the Law who taught that Elijah must come before the Messiah.

4. Elijah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, whose return was prophesied in Malachi 4:5 as a precursor to the coming of the Messiah.

5. Mount of Transfiguration
The event preceding this verse where Jesus was transfigured and Moses and Elijah appeared, affirming Jesus' divine mission.
Teaching Points
Understanding Prophecy
The disciples' question reflects a common expectation based on scriptural prophecy. It is crucial for believers to study and understand biblical prophecies in their historical and theological contexts.

Spiritual Fulfillment
Jesus clarifies that John the Baptist fulfilled the role of Elijah in a spiritual sense. This teaches us that God's fulfillment of prophecy may not always align with human expectations.

Role of John the Baptist
Recognizing John the Baptist as the "Elijah" who prepared the way for Jesus emphasizes the importance of his ministry and the call to repentance.

Expectations vs. Reality
The disciples' question highlights the tension between traditional expectations and the reality of Jesus' mission. Believers are encouraged to remain open to God's ways, which may differ from human assumptions.

Seeking Understanding
The disciples' inquiry shows the importance of seeking understanding from Jesus. Believers should bring their questions and uncertainties to God in prayer and study.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the prophecy of Elijah's return in Malachi 4:5-6 shape the expectations of the Jewish people regarding the Messiah?

2. In what ways did John the Baptist fulfill the role of Elijah, and how does this understanding affect our view of prophecy?

3. How can we apply the lesson of spiritual fulfillment to our own expectations of God's promises in our lives?

4. What can we learn from the disciples' approach to seeking understanding from Jesus, and how can we apply this in our spiritual journey?

5. How do the events of the Transfiguration and the appearance of Elijah and Moses affirm Jesus' identity and mission, and what impact does this have on our faith?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Malachi 4:5-6
This prophecy speaks of Elijah's return before the "great and dreadful day of the LORD," which the scribes interpreted as a necessary precursor to the Messiah's arrival.

Matthew 11:14
Jesus identifies John the Baptist as the "Elijah" who was to come, fulfilling the prophecy in a spiritual sense.

Luke 1:17
The angel Gabriel tells Zechariah that John the Baptist will go before the Lord in the spirit and power of Elijah, further connecting John to this prophecy.
AttentionC. H. Spurgeon.Matthew 17:1-13
Cloud on Mount HermonC. R. Conder., Edersheim.Matthew 17:1-13
Contrasts in LifeS. R. Hole, M. A.Matthew 17:1-13
Creed, Worship, and WorkBishop Alexander, D. D.Matthew 17:1-13
Fear and its AntidoteJ. J. Goadby.Matthew 17:1-13
Hear the SonJ. Evans, M. A.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus OnlyC. H. Spurgeon.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus OnlyC. Bailhache.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus OnlyDr. J. H. Vincent.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus OnlyT. Hands.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus Only as a DoctrineC. H. Spurgeon.Matthew 17:1-13
Jesus Only as an ExperienceC. H. Spurgeon.Matthew 17:1-13
Lessons of the TransfigurationW. I. Keay.Matthew 17:1-13
Lord, it is Good for Us to be HereF. J. A.Matthew 17:1-13
Nothing But JesusMatthew 17:1-13
Peter's Ecstasy of the MountJ. Burns, LL. D., J. Stewart.Matthew 17:1-13
Peter's Enjoyment of the SceneMatthew 17:1-13
Prayer is the Transfiguration of the SoulLapide.Matthew 17:1-13
Spiritual Suggestions of the TransfigurationA. L. R. Foote.Matthew 17:1-13
Tabor FlightsJ. Vaughan, M. A., E. D. Solomon.Matthew 17:1-13
The ConversationBishop Porteus.Matthew 17:1-13
The Disciples Beholding Their Transfigured LordC. Bradley.Matthew 17:1-13
The Epiphany Upon the MountJ. A. Seiss, D. D.Matthew 17:1-13
The Fading of the Light on Jesus' FaceGeorge Macdonald.Matthew 17:1-13
The Influence of Prayer on the FaceMatthew 17:1-13
The Mount of VisionWilliam A. Gray.Matthew 17:1-13
The Mountain, Probably HermonDean Stanley.Matthew 17:1-13
The Permanent Use of Religious EcstasyDr. Krummacher.Matthew 17:1-13
The Shining FaceMatthew Henry.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationDavid King, LL. D.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationAnon.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationD. Moore, M. A.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationT. S. Doolittle, D. D.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationCanon Liddon.Matthew 17:1-13
The TransfigurationS. A. Brooke, M. A;Matthew 17:1-13
The Transfiguration a WindowGeorge Macdonald.Matthew 17:1-13
The Transfiguration of ChristRichard Watson.Matthew 17:1-13
The Transfiguration of Christ, its DesignsG. Brooks., C. Gerok, D. D.Matthew 17:1-13
The Watch Before the BattleDe Pressense.Matthew 17:1-13
We Must Come Down from the Holy MountainsMatthew Henry.Matthew 17:1-13
Witness of Judaism to ChristE. De Pressense.Matthew 17:1-13
The HarbingerJ.A. Macdonald Matthew 17:9-13
The Elijah Ministry of John the BaptistW.F. Adeney Matthew 17:10-13
People
Elias, Elijah, James, Jesus, John, Peter, Simon
Places
Capernaum, Galilee, High Mountain
Topics
Behoveth, Demanded, Disciples, Elias, Elijah, Eli'jah, Law, Questioned, Questioning, Saying, Scribes, Teachers
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Matthew 17:10

     7464   teachers of the law
     7540   Judaism

Matthew 17:1-13

     5092   Elijah

Matthew 17:9-10

     2580   Christ, transfiguration

Matthew 17:9-13

     2411   cross, predictions

Library
January 18. "That Take and Give for Me and Thee" (Matt. xvii. 27).
"That take and give for Me and thee" (Matt. xvii. 27). There is a beautiful touch of loving thoughtfulness in the account of Christ's miracle at Capernaum in providing the tribute money. After the reference to Peter's interview with the tax collector, it is added, "When he came into the house Jesus prevented him," that is, anticipated him, as the old Saxon word means, by arranging for the need before Peter needed to speak about it at all, and He sent Peter down to the sea to find the piece of gold
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The King in his Beauty
'And after six days Jesus taketh Peter, James, and John his brother, and bringeth them up into an high mountain apart, 2. And was transfigured before them: and His face did shine as the sun, and His raiment was white as the light. 3. And, behold, there appeared unto them Moses and Elias talking with Him. 4. Then answered Peter, and said unto Jesus. Lord, it is good for us to be here: if Thou wilt, let us make here three tabernacles; one for Thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias. 5. While he
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Secret of Power
'Then came the disciples to Jesus apart, and said, Why could not we cast him out? 20. And Jesus said unto them, Because of your unbelief.'--MATT. xvii. 19, 20. 'And when He had called unto Him His twelve disciples, He gave them power against unclean spirits to cast them out.' That same power was bestowed, too, on the wider circle of the seventy who returned again with joy, saying, 'Lord, even the devils are subject unto us through Thy name.' The ground of it was laid in the solemn words with which
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Coin in the Fish's Mouth
'And when he was come into the house, Jesus prevented him, saying, What thinkest them, Simon? of whom do the kings of the earth take custom or tribute? of their own children, or of strangers? 26. Peter saith unto Him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free.'--MATT. xvii. 25, 26. All our Lord's miracles are 'signs' as well as 'wonders.' They have a meaning. They not only authenticate His teaching, but they are themselves no inconsiderable portion of the teaching. They are not
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Again on the Words of the Gospel, Matt. xvii. , Where Jesus Showed Himself on the Mount to his Three Disciples.
1. We heard when the Holy Gospel was being read of the great vision on the mount, in which Jesus showed Himself to the three disciples, Peter, James, and John. "His face did shine as the sun:" this is a figure of the shining of the Gospel. "His raiment was white as the snow:" [2666] this is a figure of the purity of the Church, to which it was said by the Prophet, "Though your sins be as scarlet, I will make them white as snow." [2667] Elias and Moses were talking with Him; because the grace of the
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

On the Words of the Gospel, Matt. xvii. 1, "After Six Days Jesus Taketh with Him Peter, and James, and John his Brother," Etc.
1. We must now look into and treat of that vision which the Lord showed on the mount. For it is this of which He had said, "Verily I say unto you, there be some standing here which shall not taste of death till they see the Son of Man in His Kingdom." [2643] Then began the passage which has just been read. "When He had said this, after six days He took three disciples, Peter, and James, and John, and went up into a mountain." [2644] These three were those "some," of whom He had said, "There be some
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

On the Words of the Gospel, Matt. xvii. 19, "Why could not we Cast it Out"? Etc. , and on Prayer.
1. Our Lord Jesus Christ reproved unbelief even in His own disciples, as we heard just now when the Gospel was being read. For when they had said, "Why could not we cast him out?" He answered, "Because of your unbelief." [2669] If the Apostles were unbelievers, who is a believer? What must the lambs do, if the rams totter? Yet the mercy of the Lord did not disdain them in their unbelief; but reproved, nourished, perfected, crowned them. For they themselves, as mindful of their own weakness, said
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

On the Words of the Gospel, Matt. xvii. 21, "How Oft Shall My Brother Sin against Me," Etc.
1. Yesterday the holy Gospel warned us not to neglect the sins of our brethren: "But if thy brother shall sin against thee, rebuke him between him and thee alone. If he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. But if he shall refuse to hear thee, take with thee two or three more; that in the mouth of two or three witnesses, every word may be established. And if he shall neglect to hear them too, tell it to the Church. But if he shall neglect to hear the Church, let him be unto thee as an heathen
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

A Desperate Case --How to Meet It
How great the difference between Moses and Christ! When Moses had been forty days upon the mountain-top, he underwent a kind of transfiguration, so that his face shone with exceeding brightness when he came down among the people, and he was obliged to put a veil over his face; for they could not bear to look upon his glory. Not so our Saviour! He had been really transfigured with a greater glory than Moses could ever know, and yet, as he came down from the mount, whatever radiance shone upon his
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 10: 1864

Jesus Only
This morning, in trying to dwell upon the simple sight of "Jesus only," we shall hold it up as beyond measure important and delightful, and shall bear our witness that as it was said of Goliath's sword, "there is none like it," so may it be said of fellowship with "Jesus only." We shall first notice what might have happened to the disciples after the transfiguration; we shall then dwell on what did happen; and then, thirdly, we shall speak on what we anxiously desire may happen to those who hear
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 16: 1870

The Transfiguration
(Preached before the Queen.) Matthew xvii. 2 and 9. And he was transfigured before them. . . . And he charged them, saying, Tell the vision to no man, until the Son of Man be risen again from the dead. Any one who will consider the gospels, will see that there is a peculiar calm, a soberness and modesty about them, very different from what we should have expected to find in them. Speaking, as they do, of the grandest person who ever trod this earth, of the grandest events which ever happened upon
Charles Kingsley—Town and Country Sermons

1 to Pray is as it were to be on Speaking Terms with Me...
1. To pray is as it were to be on speaking terms with Me, and so by being in communion with and abiding in Me to become like Me. There is a kind of insect which feeds upon and lives among grass and green leaves and becomes like them in colour. Also the polar bear dwelling among the white snows has the same snowy whiteness, and the tiger of Bengal bears upon its skin the marks of the reeds among which it lives. So those, who by means of prayer abide in communion with Me partake, with the saints and
Sadhu Sundar Singh—At The Master's Feet

Return to Galilee. The Passion Foretold.
^A Matt. XVII. 22, 23; ^B Mark IX. 30-32; ^C Luke IX. 43-45. ^b 30 And they went forth from thence [from the region of Cæsarea Philippi], and passed through Galilee [on his way to Capernaum]; and he would not that any man should know it. [He was still seeking that retirement which began on the journey to Tyre. See page 399. This is the last definite mention of that retirement, but we find it referred to again at John vii. 3, 4. See page 439.] 31 For he taught his disciples [the reason for his
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Jesus Pays the Tribute Money.
(Capernaum, Autumn, a.d. 29) ^A Matt. XVII. 24-27. ^a 24 And when they were come to Capernaum, they that received the half-shekel came to Peter, and said, Doth not your teacher pay the half-shekel? [The law of Moses required from every male of twenty years and upward the payment of a tax of half a shekel for the support of the temple (Ex. xxx. 12-16; II. Chron. xxiv. 5, 6). This tax was collected annually. We are told that a dispute existed between the Pharisees and Sadducees as to whether the payment
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Transfiguration.
THE great confession of Peter, as the representative Apostle, had laid the foundations of the Church as such. In contradistinction to the varying opinions of even those best disposed towards Christ, it openly declared that Jesus was the Very Christ of God, the fulfilment of all Old Testament prophecy, the heir of Old Testament promise, the realisation of the Old Testament hope for Israel, and, in Israel, for all mankind. Without this confession, Christians might have been a Jewish sect, a religious
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Last Events in Galilee - the Tribute-Money, the Dispute by the Way, the Forbidding of Him who could not Follow with the Disciples, and The
Now that the Lord's retreat in the utmost borders of the land, at Cæsarea Philippi, was known to the Scribes, and that He was again surrounded and followed by the multitude, there could be no further object in His retirement. Indeed, the time was coming that He should meet that for which He had been, and was still, preparing the minds of His disciples - His Decease at Jerusalem. Accordingly, we find Him once more with His disciples in Galilee - not to abide there, [3743] nor to traverse it
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

On the Morrow of the Transfiguration
IT was the early dawn of another summer's day when the Master and His disciples turned their steps once more towards the plain. They had seen His Glory; they had had the most solemn witness which, as Jews, the could have; and they had gained a new knowledge of the Old Testament. It all bore reference to the Christ, and it spake of His Decease. Perhaps on that morning better than in the previous night did they realise the vision, and feel its calm happiness. It was to their souls like the morning-air
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

William Ellery Channing.
We are far from placing Dr. Channing, the great leader of American Unitarianism, and one of the brightest ornaments of American literature (born 1780, at Newport, Rhode Island; died 1842, at Bennington, Vermont), in the company of unbelievers. Although heretical on the fundamental articles of the Holy Trinity, the Divinity of Christ, and the Atonement, he was, in his way, a worshiper of Jesus, and exhibited the power of his holy example in his lovely character and written works. He was deeply penetrated
Philip Schaff—The Person of Christ

Thirteenth Lesson. Prayer and Fasting;'
Prayer and fasting;' Or, The Cure of Unbelief. Then came the disciples to Jesus apart, and said, Why could not we cast him out? And Jesus said unto them, Because of your unbelief: for verily I say unto you, If ye have faith as a grain of mustard seed, nothing shall be impossible to you. Howbeit this kind goeth not out but by prayer and fasting'--Matt. xvii. 19-21. WHEN the disciples saw Jesus cast the evil spirit out of the epileptic whom they could not cure,' they asked the Master for the
Andrew Murray—With Christ in the School of Prayer

Instructions for those who have Attained to the Prayer of Quiet. Many Advance So Far, but Few Go Farther.
1. Let us now go back to the subject. This quiet and recollection of the soul makes itself in great measure felt in the satisfaction and peace, attended with very great joy and repose of the faculties, and most sweet delight, wherein the soul is established. [1] It thinks, because it has not gone beyond it, that there is nothing further to wish for, but that its abode might be there, and it would willingly say so with St. Peter. [2] It dares not move nor stir, because it thinks that this blessing
Teresa of Avila—The Life of St. Teresa of Jesus

A Homily Delivered on the Saturday Before the Second Sunday in Lent --On the Transfiguration, S. Matt. xvii. 13-Jan
A Homily delivered on the Saturday before the Second Sunday in Lent--on the Transfiguration, S. Matt. xvii. 1-13 I. Peter's confession shown to lead up to the Transfiguration. The Gospel lesson, dearly-beloved, which has reached the inner hearing of our minds through our bodily ears, calls us to the understanding of a great mystery, to which we shall by the help of God's grace the better attain, if we turn our attention to what is narrated just before. The Saviour of mankind, Jesus Christ, in founding
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Fourth Sunday after Epiphany
Text: Romans 13, 8-10. 8 Owe no man anything, save to love one another: for he that loveth his neighbor hath fulfilled the law. 9 For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not covet, and if there be any other commandment, it is summed up in this word, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. 10 Love worketh no ill to his neighbor; love therefore is the fulfilment of the law. CHRISTIAN LOVE AND THE COMMAND TO LOVE. 1. This, like the two
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Letter Lvii to the Duke and Duchess of Lorraine
To the Duke and Duchess of Lorraine [87] He thanks them for having hitherto remitted customs [or tolls, but asks that they will see that their princely liberality is not interfered with by the efforts of their servants. To the Duke and Duchess of Lorraine, Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux, sends greeting, and prays that they may so lovingly and purely rejoice in each other's affection that the love of Christ alone maybe supreme in them both. Ever since the needs of our Order obliged me to send for necessaries
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux—Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux

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