Mark 2:17
On hearing this, Jesus told them, "It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners."
On hearing this
This phrase indicates that Jesus was responding to something He overheard. In the context of Mark 2, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees' criticism of His association with tax collectors and sinners. The Greek word for "hearing" (ἀκούσας, akousas) implies not just physical hearing but understanding and perceiving the intent behind the words. Jesus, in His divine wisdom, perceives the heart of the Pharisees' complaint and uses it as a teaching moment.

Jesus told them
The act of Jesus speaking is significant. The Greek verb "λέγει" (legei) is in the present tense, suggesting a continuous action. Jesus is always teaching, always revealing truth. His words are authoritative and transformative, offering insight into the Kingdom of God. In this context, Jesus is directly addressing the religious leaders, challenging their understanding of righteousness and mercy.

It is not the healthy who need a doctor
This metaphorical statement uses the imagery of a physician to illustrate a spiritual truth. The Greek word for "healthy" (ἰσχύοντες, ischyontes) can also mean "strong" or "able." Jesus is pointing out that those who perceive themselves as spiritually strong or self-sufficient do not recognize their need for Him. The "doctor" (ἰατρός, iatros) is a healer, and Jesus positions Himself as the ultimate healer of souls.

but the sick
The "sick" (κακῶς ἔχοντες, kakōs echontes) refers to those who are spiritually unwell, burdened by sin and aware of their need for salvation. In the historical context, tax collectors and sinners were marginalized and despised, yet they were the ones who recognized their need for Jesus' healing touch. This phrase underscores the inclusivity of Jesus' mission.

I have not come to call the righteous
The phrase "I have not come" (οὐκ ἦλθον, ouk ēlthon) emphasizes Jesus' divine mission and purpose. The "righteous" (δικαίους, dikaious) here refers to those who consider themselves morally upright, often the Pharisees and religious leaders. Jesus is not suggesting that there are truly righteous people who do not need Him, but rather highlighting the self-righteous attitude that blinds individuals to their need for grace.

but sinners
"Sinners" (ἁμαρτωλούς, hamartōlous) are those who have missed the mark, fallen short of God's glory, and are aware of their need for redemption. Jesus' mission is to reach out to those who are lost, offering forgiveness and restoration. This statement is a profound declaration of the Gospel's reach, emphasizing that salvation is available to all who recognize their need for it.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jesus
The central figure in this passage, Jesus is responding to criticism from the Pharisees regarding His association with tax collectors and sinners.

2. Pharisees
A religious group in Judaism known for strict adherence to the Law and traditions. They question Jesus' choice of company.

3. Tax Collectors and Sinners
Considered social outcasts and morally corrupt by Jewish society, they are the ones Jesus is dining with, prompting the Pharisees' criticism.

4. Disciples
Followers of Jesus who are present during this event and are learning from His teachings and actions.

5. Capernaum
The town where this event takes place, serving as a backdrop for many of Jesus' early ministry activities.
Teaching Points
Jesus' Mission to the Marginalized
Jesus intentionally seeks out those who are spiritually and socially marginalized, demonstrating God's love and grace for all people, regardless of their past or social status.

The Role of Spiritual Healing
Just as a doctor is needed for the sick, Jesus is the spiritual healer for those who recognize their need for salvation. This highlights the importance of acknowledging our spiritual brokenness.

Humility and Self-Reflection
The passage challenges us to examine our own hearts and recognize our need for Jesus, rather than assuming self-righteousness or superiority over others.

Mercy Over Sacrifice
Jesus' actions emphasize the importance of mercy and compassion over ritualistic adherence to religious practices. This calls us to prioritize love and grace in our interactions with others.

The Call to Repentance
Jesus' mission includes calling sinners to repentance, inviting us to turn away from sin and towards a life of righteousness through Him.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Jesus' response to the Pharisees challenge our understanding of who is "worthy" of God's love and attention?

2. In what ways can we, like Jesus, reach out to those who are marginalized or considered "sinners" in our society today?

3. How does recognizing our own spiritual sickness help us to better understand and accept Jesus' role as our healer?

4. What are some practical ways we can prioritize mercy and compassion in our daily lives, following Jesus' example?

5. How can we apply the call to repentance in our own lives, and how does this align with other biblical teachings on repentance and forgiveness?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Luke 5:31-32
This parallel passage reinforces Jesus' mission to call sinners to repentance, highlighting His role as a spiritual healer.

Matthew 9:12-13
Another parallel account that emphasizes mercy over sacrifice, aligning with Jesus' mission to reach the lost.

Isaiah 61:1
Prophecy about the Messiah's mission to bring good news to the poor and heal the brokenhearted, which Jesus fulfills.

Romans 3:23
This verse underscores the universal need for salvation, as all have sinned and fall short of God's glory, aligning with Jesus' call to sinners.
Christ a Competent PhysicianC. H. Spurgeon.Mark 2:17
Christ an Authorised PhysicianC. H. Spurgeon.Mark 2:17
Christ Calling Sinners to RepentanceS. Clarke, D. D.Mark 2:17
Christ Came to Call the SinnerThe Sunday School TimesMark 2:17
Christ's CallAnon.Mark 2:17
Christ's Treatment of SinnersG. Petter., R. Glover.Mark 2:17
For Whom is the Gospel Meant?C. H. Spurgeon.Mark 2:17
Moral SicknessS. Clarke, D. D.Mark 2:17
The Great Physician and His PatientsC. H. Spurgeon.Mark 2:17
The Healer of SoulsA. B. Bruce, D. D.Mark 2:17
The Sickness -- the PhysicianC. J. Brown, D. D.Mark 2:17
The Sinner's HopeMark 2:17
The Spirit in Which to Seek SalvationMark 2:17
The Value and Capability of Sinful ManDr. Parker.Mark 2:17
Wretchedness a Plea for SalvationDr. Guthrie.Mark 2:17
Call of Levi, Feasting, and FastingJ.J. Given Mark 2:13-22
FastingR. Green Mark 2:13-22
Levi's Feast: the Moral Questions it Occasioned. 1A.F. Muir Mark 2:13-22
Levi's Feast: the Moral Questions it Occasioned. 2A.F. Muir Mark 2:13-22
Matthew's HouseE. Johnson Mark 2:15-22
People
Abiathar, Alphaeus, David, Jesus, John, Levi
Places
Capernaum, Galilee
Topics
Appeal, Doctor, Health, Healthy, Hearing, Ill, Medical, Physician, Reformation, Repentance, Require, Righteous, Says, Sick, Sinners, Strong, Upright
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Mark 2:17

     2377   kingdom of God, entry into
     5037   mind, of Christ
     5285   cures
     5298   doctors
     5356   irony
     5433   occupations
     6028   sin, deliverance from

Mark 2:13-17

     5576   tax collectors

Mark 2:14-17

     4438   eating
     6040   sinners

Mark 2:15-17

     2027   Christ, grace and mercy
     5882   impartiality
     6668   grace, and Christ
     7552   Pharisees, attitudes to Christ

Mark 2:16-17

     5843   embarrassment
     7464   teachers of the law

Mark 2:16-20

     5312   feasting

Library
December 28 Morning
Thy sins be forgiven thee.--MARK 2:5. I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.--Who can forgive sins but God only? I, even I, am he that blotteth out thy transgressions for mine own sake, and will not remember thy sins.--Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered. Blessed is the man unto whom the Lord imputeth not iniquity.--Who is a God like unto thee, that pardoneth iniquity? God for Christ's sake hath forgiven you.--The blood of Jesus Christ
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

June 8 Evening
Why reason ye these things in your hearts?--MARK 2:8. Being not weak in faith, [Abraham] considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb; he staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God. Is it easier to say to the sick of the palsy, Thy sins be forgiven thee or to say, Arise, and take up thy bed, and walk?--If thou canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth.
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

The Secret of Gladness
'And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them?'--Mark ii. 19. This part of our Lord's answer to the question put by John's disciples as to the reason for the omission of the practice of fasting by His followers. The answer is very simple. It is--'My disciples do not fast because they are not sad.' And the principle which underlies the answer is a very important one. It is this: that all outward forms of religion, appointed by man, ought only
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Christ's Authority to Forgive
'And again He entered into Capernaum after some days; and it was noised that He was in the house. 2. And straightway many were gathered together, insomuch that there was no room to receive them, no, not so much as about the door; and He preached the word unto them. 3. And they come unto Him, bringing one sick of the palsy, which was borne of four. 4. And when they could not come nigh unto Him for the press, they uncovered the roof where He was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Publicans' Friend
'And He went forth again by the sea side; and all the multitude resorted unto Him, and He taught them. 14. And as He passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphaus sitting at the receipt of custom, and said unto him, Follow me. And he arose and followed Him. 15. And it came to pass, that, as Jesus sat at meat in his house, many publicans and sinners sat also together with Jesus and His disciples: for there were many, and they followed Him. 16. And when the scribes and Pharisees saw Him eat with publicans
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Works which Hallow the Sabbath
'And it came to pass, that He went through the cornfields on the Sabbath day; and His disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn. 24. And the Pharisees said unto Him, Behold, why do they on the Sabbath day that which is not lawful? 25. And He said unto them, Have ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungred, he, and they that were with him? 28. How he went into the house of God in the days of Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the shewbread, which is not lawful
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Friend of Sinners
(Preached in London.) MARK ii. 15, 16. And it came to pass, that, as Jesus sat at meat in his house, many publicans and sinners sat also together with Jesus and his disciples: for there were many, and they followed him. And when the scribes and Pharisees saw him eat with publicans and sinners they said onto his disciples, How is it that he eateth and drinketh with publicans and sinners? We cannot wonder at the scribes and Pharisees asking this question. I think that we should most of us ask the
Charles Kingsley—The Good News of God

The Sick of the Palsy
"And when He entered again into Capernaum after some days, it was noised that He was in the house." MARK 2:1 (R.V.) [And when He had come back to Capernaum several day s afterward, it was heard that He was at home. And many were gathered together, so that there was no longer room, even near the door; and He was speaking the word to them. And they came, bringing to Him a paralytic, carried by four men. And being unable to get to Him on account of the crowd, they removed the roof above Him; and when
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Son of Man
"The Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins." MARK 2:10 (R.V.) WHEN asserting His power to forgive sins, Jesus, for the first time in our Gospel, called Himself the Son of man. It is a remarkable phrase. The profound reverence which He from the first inspired, restrained all other lips from using it, save only when the first martyr felt such a rush of sympathy from above poured into his soul, that the thought of Christ's humanity was more moving than that of His deity. So too it is then alone
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Controversy Concerning Fasting
"And John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting: and they come and say unto Him, Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but Thy disciples fast not?" MARK 2:18 (R.V.) THE Pharisees had just complained to the disciples that Jesus ate and drank in questionable company. Now they join with the followers of the ascetic Baptist in complaining to Jesus that His disciples eat and drink at improper seasons, when others fast. And as Jesus had then replied, that being a Physician,
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Call and Feast of Levi
"And He went forth again by the seaside; and all the multitude resorted unto Him, and He taught them. And as He passed by, He saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the place of toll, and He saith unto him, Follow Me. And he arose and followed Him. And it came to pass, that He was sitting at meat in his house, and many publicans and sinners sat down with Jesus and His disciples: for there were many, and they followed Him. And the scribes of the Pharisees, when they saw that He was eating with the
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Sabbath
"And it came to pass, that He was going on the sabbath day through the cornfields; and His disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn. And the Pharisees said unto Him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful? And He said unto them, Did ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungered, he, and they that were with him? How he entered into the house of God when Abiathar was high priest, and did eat the shewbread, which it is not lawful to eat
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

Wesley's Living Arguments
Sunday, 20.--Seeing many of the rich at Clifton Church, my heart was much pained for them and I was earnestly desirous that some even of them might "enter into the kingdom of heaven." But full as I was, I knew not where to begin in warning them to flee from the wrath to come till my Testament opened on these words: "I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance" [Mark 2:17]; in applying which my soul was so enlarged that methought I could have cried out (in another sense than poor vain
John Wesley—The Journal of John Wesley

Of the Words Themselves in General.
We come now to the words themselves, wherein Christ asserts that he is, 1, "the way;" 2, "the truth;" 3, "the life;" and, 4, "that no man cometh to the Father but by him." In them we learn these two things in general. First, The misery of wretched man by nature. This cannot be in a few words expressed. These words will point out those particulars thereof, which we will but mention. 1. That he is born an enemy to, and living at a distance from God, by virtue of the curse of the broken covenant of
John Brown (of Wamphray)—Christ The Way, The Truth, and The Life

Combination Illustrated.
To illustrate our method of combination, let us take Section 36, which is a fitting together of the following passages, namely: 9 And as Jesus passed by from thence, he saw a man, called Matthew, sitting at the place of toll: and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed him.--Matt. ix. 9. 13 And he went forth again by the sea side; and all the multitude resorted unto him, and he taught them. 14 And as he passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphæus sitting at the place of toll,
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Call of Matthew.
(at or Near Capernaum.) ^A Matt. IX. 9; ^B Mark II. 13, 14; ^C Luke V. 27, 28. ^c 27 And after these thingsa [after the healing of the paralytic] he went forth, ^a again by the seaside [i. e., he left Capernaum, and sought the shore of the sea, which formed a convenient auditorium for him, and which was hence a favorite scene for his teaching]; and all the multitude resorted unto him, and he taught them. 14 And as he ^a Jesus passed by from thence, he saw ^c and beheld ^a a man, ^c a publican, named
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Jesus Defends Disciples who Pluck Grain on the Sabbath.
(Probably While on the Way from Jerusalem to Galilee.) ^A Matt. XII. 1-8; ^B Mark II. 23-28; ^C Luke VI. 1-5. ^b 23 And ^c 1 Now it came to pass ^a 1 At that season ^b that he ^a Jesus went { ^b was going} on the { ^c a} ^b sabbath day through the grainfields; ^a and his disciples were hungry and began ^b as they went, to pluck the ears. ^a and to eat, ^c and his disciples plucked the ears, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. [This lesson fits in chronological order with the last, if the Bethesda
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Matthew's Feast. Discourse on Fasting.
(Capernaum.) ^A Matt. IX. 10-17; ^B Mark II. 15-22; ^C Luke V. 29-39. ^c 29 And Levi [another name for the apostle Matthew] made him a great feast in his house: ^b 15 And it came to pass, that he was sitting { ^a as he sat} at meat in the { ^b his} ^a house, ^c and there was a great multitude of publicans [Matthew had invited his old friends] and of others ^b and ^a behold, many publicans and sinners came and sat down with Jesus and his disciples. ^b for there were many, ^c that were sitting at meat
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Jesus Heals a Paralytic at Capernaum.
^A Matt. IX. 2-8; ^B Mark II. 1-12; ^C Luke V. 17-26. ^c 17 And it came to pass on one of those days, ^b when he entered again into Capernaum after some days, ^c that he was teaching; ^b it was noised that he was in the house. [Luke uses the general expression "those days," referring to the early portion of our Lord's ministry in Galilee. Mark says, "some days," which implies the lapse of a considerable interval. The healing of the leper created such excitement that for some time, several weeks,
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Two Sabbath-Controversies - the Plucking of the Ears of Corn by the Disciples, and the Healing of the Man with the Withered Hand
IN grouping together the three miracles of healing described in the last chapter, we do not wish to convey that it is certain they had taken place in precisely that order. Nor do we feel sure, that they preceded what is about to be related. In the absence of exact data, the succession of events and their location must be matter of combination. From their position in the Evangelic narratives, and the manner in which all concerned speak and act, we inferred, that they took place at that particular
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Return to Capernaum - Concerning the Forgiveness of Sins - the Healing of the Paralysed
It is a remarkable instance of the reserve of the Gospel-narratives, that of the second journey of Jesus in Galilee no other special event is recorded than the healing of the leper. And it seems also to indicate, that this one miracle had been so selected for a special purpose. But if, as we have suggested, after the Unknown Feast,' the activity of Jesus assumed a new and what, for want of a better name, may be called an anti-Judaic character, we can perceive the reason of it. The healing of leprosy
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Call of Matthew - the Saviour's Welcome to Sinners - Rabbinic Theology as Regards the Doctrine of Forgiveness in Contrast to the Gospel of Christ
In two things chiefly does the fundamental difference appear between Christianity and all other religious systems, notably Rabbinism. And in these two things, therefore, lies the main characteristic of Christ's work; or, taking a wider view, the fundamental idea of all religions. Subjectively, they concern sin and the sinner; or, to put it objectively, the forgiveness of sin and the welcome to the sinner. But Rabbinism, and every other system down to modern humanitarianism - if it rises so high in
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Kingdom of God: Its Values
The Right Social Order is the Highest Good for All The first three chapters dealt with simple human principles which are common and instinctive with all real men. Jesus simply expanded the range of their application, clarified our comprehension of them, placed them in the very center of religious duty, and so lifted them to the high level of great social and religious principles. In the next three chapters we shall take up a conception which is not universally human, but which Jesus derived from
Walter Rauschenbusch—The Social Principles of Jesus

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