Judges 14:20

and his wife was given to one of the men who had accompanied him.

Study Bible

And Samson’s wife
This phrase introduces a pivotal character in Samson's narrative. In the Hebrew context, marriage was a covenantal relationship, deeply significant and binding. Samson's wife, a Philistine woman, represents a union that was controversial and against the traditional Israelite customs, which discouraged intermarriage with pagan nations. This marriage symbolizes the tension between Israel and the Philistines and foreshadows the personal and national conflicts that arise from such unions.

was given
The phrase "was given" indicates a transfer of possession or responsibility, often seen in ancient Near Eastern cultures where women were considered part of familial property. This action reflects the patriarchal society of the time, where women had limited agency. The passive construction suggests that Samson's wife had little say in the matter, highlighting the cultural norms and the lack of autonomy for women in that era.

to one of the men
This phrase suggests a specific, yet unnamed individual among Samson's companions. The anonymity of the man underscores the betrayal and the impersonal nature of the transaction. Historically, this reflects the practice of levirate-like arrangements or the reassignment of a woman to another man within the community, which was not uncommon in ancient societies to ensure social stability and continuity.

who had accompanied him
The men who accompanied Samson were likely Philistines, as the context of the narrative places Samson in Philistine territory. This phrase highlights the betrayal and the breakdown of trust, as these were men who had been part of Samson's wedding celebration. The historical context reveals the fragile alliances and the deep-seated enmity between the Israelites and the Philistines, which often led to such personal and communal betrayals.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Samson
A judge of Israel known for his extraordinary strength, which was a gift from God. His life is marked by personal weaknesses and failures, yet he is used by God to deliver Israel from the Philistines.

2. Samson's Wife
A Philistine woman from Timnah whom Samson marries. Her relationship with Samson is fraught with betrayal and manipulation, ultimately leading to her being given to another man.

3. The Companion
One of the men who had accompanied Samson, likely one of the thirty companions assigned to him during his wedding feast. This man is given Samson's wife after Samson leaves in anger.

4. Timnah
A Philistine town where Samson's wife is from. It serves as the backdrop for much of the conflict between Samson and the Philistines.

5. The Philistines
A group of people who were enemies of Israel during the time of the Judges. They play a significant role in the account of Samson's life.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Unequally Yoked Relationships
Samson's marriage to a Philistine woman, against his parents' wishes and God's law, leads to personal and communal strife. Believers are reminded of the importance of aligning their relationships with God's will.

The Dangers of Anger and Impulsivity
Samson's impulsive actions and anger lead to unintended consequences. Christians are encouraged to seek the Holy Spirit's guidance in managing emotions and making decisions.

God's Sovereignty Amidst Human Failure
Despite Samson's personal failures, God uses his life to fulfill His purposes. This teaches that God can work through our weaknesses and mistakes to accomplish His plans.

The Importance of Faithfulness in Relationships
The betrayal in Samson's marriage highlights the need for faithfulness and integrity in relationships. Believers are called to uphold these values in their own lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Samson's choice of a Philistine wife reflect his spiritual state, and what can we learn about making choices that honor God?

2. In what ways do Samson's actions in Judges 14:20 demonstrate the consequences of acting out of anger? How can we apply this lesson to our own lives?

3. How does the account of Samson and his wife illustrate the principle of being unequally yoked, as mentioned in 2 Corinthians 6:14?

4. What does this passage teach us about God's ability to use flawed individuals for His purposes, and how can this encourage us in our own spiritual journeys?

5. How can we apply the lessons of faithfulness and integrity from Samson's account to our own relationships, both personal and communal?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 15:1-2
This passage continues the account, showing Samson's reaction to his wife being given to another man, which leads to further conflict with the Philistines.

Proverbs 21:19
This verse speaks to the challenges of living with a contentious partner, which can be related to the strife in Samson's marriage.

1 Corinthians 7:15
Discusses the concept of separation in marriage, which can be connected to the forced separation between Samson and his wife.