Jeremiah 5:23
But these people have stubborn and rebellious hearts. They have turned aside and gone away.
But these people
This phrase sets the stage for a contrast between the people of Judah and what God desires from His covenant people. The Hebrew word for "people" here is "עַם" (am), which often refers to a collective group bound by common identity or covenant. Historically, this refers to the Israelites, who were chosen by God to be a light to the nations. The use of "these" indicates a specific group known to the prophet, emphasizing their distinct behavior from what is expected.

have stubborn
The Hebrew word for "stubborn" is "שׁוֹבֵב" (shovev), which conveys a sense of being obstinate or unyielding. This word paints a picture of a people who are resistant to correction or change. In the biblical context, stubbornness is often associated with a refusal to listen to God’s commands, which is a recurring theme in the prophetic literature. This stubbornness is not just a personal failing but a communal one, affecting the entire nation.

and rebellious hearts
The term "rebellious" comes from the Hebrew "סָרַר" (sarar), meaning to be defiant or to revolt. The "heart" in Hebrew thought, "לֵב" (lev), is the center of will, emotion, and intellect. Thus, a "rebellious heart" indicates a deep-seated defiance against God’s authority and covenant. Historically, this rebellion is seen in the Israelites' frequent turning to idolatry and neglect of the law, which prophets like Jeremiah were called to address.

They have turned aside
The phrase "turned aside" is derived from the Hebrew "סוּר" (sur), meaning to depart or deviate from a path. This suggests a deliberate choice to abandon the way of righteousness and the covenant path set by God. In the historical context, this deviation often involved adopting the practices and gods of surrounding nations, which led to moral and spiritual decline.

and gone away
The Hebrew "הָלַךְ" (halak) for "gone away" implies movement or walking, often used metaphorically to describe one's conduct or way of life. This indicates not just a momentary lapse but a continual lifestyle of moving away from God. In the scriptural narrative, this "going away" is a tragic theme, as it leads to the loss of divine protection and blessing, resulting in exile and suffering.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jeremiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, called by God to deliver messages of warning and hope to the people of Judah. His ministry spanned the reigns of several kings and was marked by his deep emotional connection to his people and his unwavering commitment to God's message.

2. Judah
The southern kingdom of Israel, consisting of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. During Jeremiah's time, Judah was facing imminent judgment due to its persistent idolatry and disobedience to God.

3. The People of Judah
The audience of Jeremiah's prophecy, characterized by their stubbornness and rebellion against God. Despite numerous warnings, they continued in their sinful ways, leading to their eventual exile.

4. Rebellion
A key theme in Jeremiah 5:23, highlighting the people's deliberate choice to turn away from God. The Hebrew word for "rebellious" (sarar) conveys a sense of obstinacy and defiance.

5. Turning Aside
This phrase indicates a conscious decision to deviate from the path of righteousness. The Hebrew root (sur) suggests a willful departure from God's commands.
Teaching Points
The Danger of a Stubborn Heart
A heart that is resistant to God's guidance is prone to spiritual downfall. We must regularly examine our hearts and remain open to God's correction.

The Consequences of Rebellion
Persistent rebellion against God leads to separation from Him and eventual judgment. It's crucial to heed God's warnings and turn back to Him.

The Importance of Repentance
Turning aside from God is a choice, but so is repentance. We must actively choose to return to God and seek His forgiveness.

God's Patience and Justice
While God is patient and desires repentance, His justice will ultimately prevail. We should not take His patience for granted but respond to His call promptly.

The Role of Prophets and Scripture
Prophets like Jeremiah were sent to guide and warn. Today, Scripture serves as our guide, and we must diligently study and apply it to our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. What are some modern-day examples of stubbornness and rebellion against God, and how can we guard against them in our own lives?

2. How does the theme of rebellion in Jeremiah 5:23 relate to the broader account of Israel's history, and what lessons can we learn from it?

3. In what ways can we ensure that our hearts remain open and responsive to God's guidance and correction?

4. How does the message of Jeremiah 5:23 challenge us to examine our own spiritual walk and relationship with God?

5. What role does repentance play in restoring our relationship with God, and how can we practice it in our daily lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Deuteronomy 9:6
This verse speaks of the Israelites' stubbornness, similar to the description in Jeremiah 5:23, emphasizing the persistent nature of their rebellion against God.

Isaiah 1:4
Isaiah also addresses the rebellious nature of the people, calling them a sinful nation laden with iniquity, which parallels Jeremiah's message.

Ezekiel 2:3-4
God describes the Israelites as a rebellious nation, underscoring the consistent theme of rebellion throughout the prophetic books.

Romans 1:21-23
Paul speaks of humanity's tendency to turn away from God, exchanging His glory for idols, which mirrors the spiritual condition described in Jeremiah.
Nature's Witness Against Blind Eyes and Rebellious HeartsJ. Waite Jeremiah 5:20-24
Adoration of God in NatureJ. Garbett, M. A.Jeremiah 5:20-25
God the Ruler of the WavesJohn Newton.Jeremiah 5:20-25
God's Barriers Against Man's SinJeremiah 5:20-25
God's Government of the Sea and Man's Revolting TendenciesHomilistJeremiah 5:20-25
God's Judgment of Self-WillJ. Parker, D. D.Jeremiah 5:20-25
IndifferenceJ. Burns, D. D.Jeremiah 5:20-25
Persuasives to the Fear of GodJeremiah 5:20-25
Sea and Soil; Divine ProvidenceC. Clarkson, B. A.Jeremiah 5:20-25
Solemn Reasons for Fearing the LordBp. Heber.Jeremiah 5:20-25
The Sand BarrierHomiletic MagazineJeremiah 5:20-25
Israel's ApostasyF. C. Clark, B. A.Jeremiah 5:23-24
Sin is Revolt and Rebellion Against Christ -- Our KingA. Torrey.Jeremiah 5:23-24
People
Jacob, Jeremiah
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Apostate, Aside, Broken, Departed, Heart, Hearts, Loose, Rebellious, Revolted, Revolting, Stubborn, Uncontrolled
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Jeremiah 5:23

     5764   attitudes, negative to God
     6156   fall, of humanity
     6178   hardness of heart
     6223   rebellion, of Israel

Jeremiah 5:21-24

     8702   agnosticism

Jeremiah 5:21-25

     8757   folly, effects of
     8761   fools, in teaching of Christ

Jeremiah 5:22-24

     8334   reverence, and God's nature

Jeremiah 5:23-24

     5896   irreverence

Library
A Question for the Beginning
'What will ye do in the end?'--JER. v. 31. I find that I preached to the young from this text just thirty years since--nearly a generation ago. How few of my then congregation are here to-night! how changed they and I are! and how much nearer the close we have drifted! How many of the young men and women of that evening have gone to meet the end, and how many of them have wrecked their lives because they would not face and answer this question! Ah, dear young friends, if I could bring some of the
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Storming the Battlements
Jerusalem had sinned against God; she had rebelled against the most High, had set up for herself false gods, and bowed before them; and when God threatened her with chastisement, she built around herself strong battlements and bastions. She said "I am safe and secure. What though Jehovah hath gone away, I will trust in the gods of nations. Though the Temple is cast down, yet we will rely upon these bulwarks and strong fortifications that we have erected." "Ah!" says God, "Jerusalem, I will punish
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

God's Barriers against Man's Sin
I am slowly rallying. My great struggle now is with weakness. I feel as if my frail bark had weathered a heavy storm which has made every timber creak. Do not attribute this illness to my having laboured too hard for my Master. For his dear sake, I would that I may yet be able to labour more. Such toils as might be hardly noticed in the ramp for the service of one's country, would excite astonishment in the church for the service of our God. And now, I entreat you for love's sake to continue in prayer
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

Tithing
"Bring ye all the tithes into the storehouse, that there may be meat in Mine house, and prove Me now herewith, saith the Lord of hosts, if I will not open you the windows of heaven, and pour you out a blessing, that there shall not be room enough to receive it" (Mal. 3:10). Down deep in the heart of every Christian there is undoubtedly the conviction that he ought to tithe. There is an uneasy feeling that this is a duty which has been neglected, or, if you prefer it, a privilege that has not been
Arthur W. Pink—Tithing

How those who Fear Scourges and those who Contemn them are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 14.) Differently to be admonished are those who fear scourges, and on that account live innocently, and those who have grown so hard in wickedness as not to be corrected even by scourges. For those who fear scourges are to be told by no means to desire temporal goods as being of great account, seeing that bad men also have them, and by no means to shun present evils as intolerable, seeing they are not ignorant how for the most part good men also are touched by them. They are to be admonished
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

The Purpose in the Coming of Jesus.
God Spelling Himself out in Jesus: change in the original language--bother in spelling Jesus out--sticklers for the old forms--Jesus' new spelling of old words. Jesus is God following us up: God heart-broken--man's native air--bad choice affected man's will--the wrong lane--God following us up. The Early Eden Picture, Genesis 1:26-31. 2:7-25: unfallen man--like God--the breath of God in man--a spirit, infinite, eternal--love--holy--wise--sovereign over creation, Psalm 8:5-8--in his own will--summary--God's
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Purposes of God.
In discussing this subject I shall endeavor to show, I. What I understand by the purposes of God. Purposes, in this discussion, I shall use as synonymous with design, intention. The purposes of God must be ultimate and proximate. That is, God has and must have an ultimate end. He must purpose to accomplish something by his works and providence, which he regards as a good in itself, or as valuable to himself, and to being in general. This I call his ultimate end. That God has such an end or purpose,
Charles Grandison Finney—Systematic Theology

"And Hereby we do Know that we Know Him, if we Keep his Commandments. "
1 John ii. 3.--"And hereby we do know that we know him, if we keep his commandments." This age pretends to much knowledge beyond former ages, knowledge, I say, not only in other natural arts and sciences, but especially in religion. Whether there be any great advancement in other knowledge, and improvement of that which was, to a further extent and clearness, I cannot judge, but I believe there is not much of it in this nation, nor do we so much pretend to it. But, we talk of the enlargements of
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Covenanting According to the Purposes of God.
Since every revealed purpose of God, implying that obedience to his law will be given, is a demand of that obedience, the announcement of his Covenant, as in his sovereignty decreed, claims, not less effectively than an explicit law, the fulfilment of its duties. A representation of a system of things pre-determined in order that the obligations of the Covenant might be discharged; various exhibitions of the Covenant as ordained; and a description of the children of the Covenant as predestinated
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

The Medes and the Second Chaldaean Empire
THE FALL OF NINEVEH AND THE RISE OF THE CHALDAEAN AND MEDIAN EMPIRES--THE XXVIth EGYPTIAN DYNASTY: CYAXARES, ALYATTES, AND NEBUCHADREZZAR. The legendary history of the kings of Media and the first contact of the Medes with the Assyrians: the alleged Iranian migrations of the Avesta--Media-proper, its fauna and flora; Phraortes and the beginning of the Median empire--Persia proper and the Persians; conquest of Persia by the Medes--The last monuments of Assur-bani-pal: the library of Kouyunjik--Phraortes
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 8

"If So be that the Spirit of God Dwell in You. Now if any Man have not the Spirit of Christ, He is None of His. "
Rom. viii. 9.--"If so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his." "But will God in very deed dwell with men on the earth?" 2 Chron. vi. 18. It was the wonder of one of the wisest of men, and indeed, considering his infinite highness above the height of heavens, his immense and incomprehensible greatness, that the heaven of heavens cannot contain him, and then the baseness, emptiness, and worthlessness of man, it may be a wonder to the
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Covenanting Enforced by the Grant of Covenant Signs and Seals.
To declare emphatically that the people of God are a covenant people, various signs were in sovereignty vouchsafed. The lights in the firmament of heaven were appointed to be for signs, affording direction to the mariner, the husbandman, and others. Miracles wrought on memorable occasions, were constituted signs or tokens of God's universal government. The gracious grant of covenant signs was made in order to proclaim the truth of the existence of God's covenant with his people, to urge the performance
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

The Acceptable Sacrifice;
OR, THE EXCELLENCY OF A BROKEN HEART: SHOWING THE NATURE, SIGNS, AND PROPER EFFECTS OF A CONTRITE SPIRIT. BEING THE LAST WORKS OF THAT EMINENT PREACHER AND FAITHFUL MINISTER OF JESUS CHRIST, MR. JOHN BUNYAN, OF BEDFORD. WITH A PREFACE PREFIXED THEREUNTO BY AN EMINENT MINISTER OF THE GOSPEL IN LONDON. London: Sold by George Larkin, at the Two Swans without Bishopgates, 1692. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. The very excellent preface to this treatise, written by George Cokayn, will inform the reader of
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Of the Nature of Regeneration, and Particularly of the Change it Produces in Men's Apprehensions.
2 COR. v. 17. 2 COR. v. 17. If any man be in Christ, he is a new creature; old things are passed away, behold all things are become new. THE knowledge of our true state in religion, is at once a matter of so great importance, and so great difficulty that, in order to obtain it, it is necessary we should have line upon line and precept upon precept. The plain discourse, which you before heard, was intended to lead you into it; and I question not but I then said enough to convince many, that they were
Philip Doddridge—Practical Discourses on Regeneration

Jeremiah
The interest of the book of Jeremiah is unique. On the one hand, it is our most reliable and elaborate source for the long period of history which it covers; on the other, it presents us with prophecy in its most intensely human phase, manifesting itself through a strangely attractive personality that was subject to like doubts and passions with ourselves. At his call, in 626 B.C., he was young and inexperienced, i. 6, so that he cannot have been born earlier than 650. The political and religious
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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