Ezra 2:58
The temple servants and descendants of the servants of Solomon numbered 392 in all.
The temple servants
This phrase refers to a group known as the Nethinim, a term derived from the Hebrew root "nathan," meaning "to give" or "to dedicate." These individuals were given to the service of the temple, assisting the Levites in various duties. Historically, the Nethinim were likely non-Israelites who were integrated into the community to perform menial tasks, allowing the Levites to focus on more sacred duties. Their role underscores the inclusivity of God's work, where people from diverse backgrounds contribute to the worship and service of the Lord.

and the descendants of the servants of Solomon
This phrase highlights a specific group of people who were originally assigned to serve in the temple during King Solomon's reign. Solomon, known for his wisdom and the building of the first temple, had established a system of service that included these individuals. The mention of their descendants indicates a continuity of service and dedication across generations. It reflects the importance of legacy and the transmission of faith and duty from one generation to the next, emphasizing the enduring nature of God's covenant with His people.

numbered 392 in all
The specific number, 392, provides a sense of historical accuracy and attention to detail in the biblical record. It signifies the remnant of those who returned from the Babylonian exile to reestablish worship in Jerusalem. This number, though small, represents a faithful group committed to restoring the temple and the worship of God. It serves as a reminder that God often works through a faithful remnant to accomplish His purposes, encouraging believers to remain steadfast in their faith and service, regardless of their numbers.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Temple Servants (Nethinim)
The Nethinim were a group of temple servants assigned to assist the Levites in the service of the temple. Their name means "given ones," indicating their dedication to temple service. They were likely non-Israelites who had been integrated into the community to perform menial tasks.

2. Descendants of the Servants of Solomon
These were the descendants of the servants who had been appointed by King Solomon to assist in the construction and maintenance of the temple. They continued to serve in various capacities related to temple duties.

3. The Return from Exile
This verse is part of a larger passage detailing the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon to Jerusalem under the leadership of Zerubbabel. It highlights the restoration of the temple service as a priority for the returning community.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Service in God's Kingdom
The inclusion of the temple servants and the descendants of Solomon's servants in the list of returnees highlights the value God places on service. Every role, no matter how humble, is significant in the functioning of God's house.

Faithfulness Across Generations
The descendants of the servants of Solomon continued in their roles, demonstrating faithfulness across generations. This encourages us to consider how we can pass on a legacy of service and faithfulness to future generations.

Restoration and Renewal
The return of the temple servants signifies a renewal of worship and dedication to God. It reminds us of the importance of restoring our own spiritual practices and commitments after periods of neglect or exile.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the role of the temple servants teach us about the diversity of gifts and roles within the body of Christ?

2. How can we ensure that our service to God is passed down to future generations, as seen with the descendants of Solomon's servants?

3. In what ways can we contribute to the restoration and renewal of worship in our own communities?

4. How does understanding the historical context of the Nethinim and the servants of Solomon enhance our appreciation for their dedication?

5. What parallels can we draw between the return from exile and our own spiritual journeys of returning to God after a period of distance or neglect?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Chronicles 9:2
This passage also mentions the Nethinim, providing context for their role and importance in the temple service. It shows continuity in their service from the time of the Chronicles to the return from exile.

Nehemiah 7:60
Nehemiah's account of the return from exile includes a similar list, reinforcing the importance of the temple servants in the restoration of worship in Jerusalem.

1 Kings 9:21
This verse provides background on the origin of the servants of Solomon, explaining how they were part of the labor force used by Solomon for his building projects, including the temple.
Spiritual SignificancesW. Clarkson Ezra 2:1-67
Men Forsaking the Worldly LifeJ.S. Exell Ezra 2:1-70
A Suggestive RecordWilliam Jones.Ezra 2:2-64
Religious ServiceWilliam Jones.Ezra 2:2-64
People
Akkub, Ami, Asaph, Asnah, Ater, Baanah, Bakbuk, Barkos, Barzillai, Bazluth, Besai, Bigvai, Bilshan, Darkon, Delaiah, Gahar, Gazzam, Giddel, Habaiah, Hagab, Hagabah, Hakkoz, Hakupha, Hanan, Harhur, Harsha, Hasupha, Hatipha, Hatita, Hattil, Hezekiah, Hodaviah, Immer, Israelites, Jaalah, Jedaiah, Jeshua, Joab, Jorah, Kadmiel, Keros, Koz, Lebanah, Mehida, Mehunim, Meunim, Mizpar, Mordecai, Nebuchadnezzar, Nehemiah, Nekoda, Nephusim, Neziah, Padon, Pahathmoab, Parosh, Paseah, Pashur, Peruda, Phaseah, Pochereth, Reaiah, Reelaiah, Rehum, Rezin, Seraiah, Shallum, Shalmai, Shephatiah, Shobai, Siaha, Sisera, Solomon, Sophereth, Sotai, Tabbaoth, Talmon, Thamah, Tobiah, Tobijah, Uzza, Zaccai, Zattu, Zerubbabel, Ziha
Places
Ai, Anathoth, Azmaveth, Babylon, Babylonia, Beeroth, Bethel, Bethlehem, Cherub, Geba, Hadid, Immer, Jericho, Jerusalem, Kiriath-arim, Lod, Michmas, Nebo, Netophah, Ono, Ramah, Tel-harsha, Tel-melah
Topics
Descendants, Hundred, Nethinim, Nethinims, Ninety, Ninety-two, Servants, Solomon, Solomon's, Sons, Temple
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezra 2:1-65

     5249   census

Ezra 2:1-67

     7230   genealogies

Library
Altar and Temple
'And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem. 2. Then stood up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God. 3. And they set the altar upon his bases; for fear was upon them because of the people of those
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Apocalypse.
On the Lit. and life of John, see §§ 40 and 41 (this vol.); on the authorship of the Apoc. and the time of composition, § 37 (this vol.); § 41 (this vol.); and § 84 (this vol.) 1. Modern Critical, works of German and French scholars on the Apocalypse: Lücke (Voltständige Einleitung, etc., 2d ed., 1852; 1,074 pages of introductory matter, critical and historical; compare with it the review of Bleek in the "Studien and Kritiken" for 1854 and 1855); DeWette Com., 1848,
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Barzillai
BY REV. GEORGE MILLIGAN, M.A., D.D. "There is nothing," says Socrates to Cephalus in the Republic, "I like better than conversing with aged men. For I regard them as travellers who have gone a journey which I too may have to go, and of whom it is right to learn the character of the way, whether it is rugged or difficult, or smooth and easy" (p. 328 E.). It is to such an aged traveller that we are introduced in the person of Barzillai the Gileadite. And though he is one of the lesser-known characters
George Milligan—Men of the Bible; Some Lesser-Known

The Historical Books.
1. In the Pentateuch we have the establishment of the Theocracy, with the preparatory and accompanying history pertaining to it. The province of the historical books is to unfold its practiced working, and to show how, under the divine superintendence and guidance, it accomplished the end for which it was given. They contain, therefore, primarily, a history of God's dealings with the covenant people under the economy which he had imposed upon them. They look at the course of human events on the
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

The Old Testament Canon from Its Beginning to Its Close.
The first important part of the Old Testament put together as a whole was the Pentateuch, or rather, the five books of Moses and Joshua. This was preceded by smaller documents, which one or more redactors embodied in it. The earliest things committed to writing were probably the ten words proceeding from Moses himself, afterwards enlarged into the ten commandments which exist at present in two recensions (Exod. xx., Deut. v.) It is true that we have the oldest form of the decalogue from the Jehovist
Samuel Davidson—The Canon of the Bible

And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah
"And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah, out of thee shall come forth unto Me (one) [Pg 480] to be Ruler in Israel; and His goings forth are the times of old, the days of eternity." The close connection of this verse with what immediately precedes (Caspari is wrong in considering iv. 9-14 as an episode) is evident, not only from the [Hebrew: v] copulative, and from the analogy of the near relation of the announcement of salvation to the prophecy of disaster
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Ezra-Nehemiah
Some of the most complicated problems in Hebrew history as well as in the literary criticism of the Old Testament gather about the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Apart from these books, all that we know of the origin and early history of Judaism is inferential. They are our only historical sources for that period; and if in them we have, as we seem to have, authentic memoirs, fragmentary though they be, written by the two men who, more than any other, gave permanent shape and direction to Judaism, then
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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