Ezekiel 48:33

On the south side, which will be 4,500 cubits long, there will be three gates: the gate of Simeon, the gate of Issachar, and the gate of Zebulun.

Study Bible

On the south side
The phrase "on the south side" indicates a specific orientation of the city described in Ezekiel's vision. In biblical symbolism, the south often represents warmth, light, and sometimes adversity, as it is the direction from which the sun shines most directly in the northern hemisphere. The south side of the city, therefore, could symbolize a place of exposure to God's light and truth, as well as a reminder of the trials that refine faith. Historically, the south side of Jerusalem was significant as it faced the Negev desert, a place of both desolation and divine encounters.

the boundary will extend 4,500 cubits
The measurement "4,500 cubits" reflects the precision and orderliness of God's design for the New Jerusalem. A cubit, an ancient unit of length based on the forearm's length from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger, typically measures about 18 inches. Thus, 4,500 cubits would be approximately 6,750 feet or about 1.28 miles. This specific measurement underscores the completeness and sufficiency of God's provision for His people. It also reflects the meticulous nature of divine planning, ensuring that every aspect of the city is perfectly proportioned.

with three gates
The "three gates" on each side of the city symbolize access and inclusion. In ancient cities, gates were crucial for defense, trade, and social interaction. Spiritually, these gates represent the openness of God's kingdom to all who are called by His name. The number three often signifies completeness and divine perfection in the Bible, suggesting that these gates provide perfect and complete access to God's presence.

the gate of Simeon
The "gate of Simeon" is named after one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Simeon, the second son of Jacob and Leah, is associated with hearing and obedience, as his name means "heard." This gate may symbolize the importance of listening to God's word and responding in obedience. Historically, the tribe of Simeon was scattered within the territory of Judah, which can be seen as a metaphor for the integration and unity of God's people in the New Jerusalem.

the gate of Issachar
The "gate of Issachar" is named after another tribe of Israel. Issachar, the ninth son of Jacob and Leah, is often associated with reward and labor, as his name means "there is recompense." This gate could symbolize the diligent pursuit of God's purposes and the rewards of faithful service. The tribe of Issachar was known for its wisdom and understanding of the times, which highlights the importance of discernment and insight in the life of faith.

and the gate of Zebulun
The "gate of Zebulun" is named after the tribe of Zebulun, the tenth son of Jacob and Leah. Zebulun is associated with dwelling and provision, as his name means "dwelling" or "habitation." This gate may represent the promise of God's provision and the assurance of a place in His eternal kingdom. The tribe of Zebulun was known for its maritime activities and trade, symbolizing the outreach and expansion of God's kingdom to the nations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Simeon
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Simeon, the second son of Jacob and Leah. Historically, the tribe of Simeon was absorbed into the territory of Judah.

2. Issachar
Another of the twelve tribes, descended from Issachar, the fifth son of Jacob and Leah. Known for their wisdom and understanding of the times.

3. Zebulun
A tribe descended from Zebulun, the sixth son of Jacob and Leah. Their territory was located in the northern part of Israel, near the Sea of Galilee.

4. South Side
Refers to the southern boundary of the new city described in Ezekiel's vision, which is part of the larger vision of the restored land and temple.

5. 4,500 Cubits
A measurement indicating the length of the boundary. A cubit is an ancient unit of length, roughly equivalent to 18 inches or 45 centimeters.

Teaching Points

God's Faithfulness to His Promises
The allocation of land to the tribes, including those like Simeon who had been absorbed into Judah, demonstrates God's faithfulness to His covenant promises.

Unity and Diversity in God's People
The inclusion of all tribes, each with its own gate, symbolizes the unity and diversity within the body of Christ. Each tribe has a unique role and identity, yet all are part of God's plan.

Hope for Restoration
Ezekiel's vision offers hope for restoration and renewal, reminding believers that God has a future plan for His people, even when circumstances seem bleak.

Significance of Names and Heritage
The naming of the gates after the tribes highlights the importance of heritage and identity in God's kingdom. Believers are encouraged to remember their spiritual heritage and identity in Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the inclusion of all twelve tribes in Ezekiel's vision of the new city reflect God's faithfulness to His promises?

2. In what ways can the unity and diversity of the tribes of Israel serve as a model for the church today?

3. How does the vision of restoration in Ezekiel 48 provide hope and encouragement for believers facing difficult circumstances?

4. What can we learn from the significance of names and heritage in the Bible, and how does this apply to our identity in Christ?

5. How does the vision of the new city in Ezekiel connect with the description of the New Jerusalem in Revelation, and what does this tell us about God's ultimate plan for His people?

Connections to Other Scriptures

The division of the land among the tribes in Ezekiel 48 connects to the original allocation of land in the book of Joshua, where the Promised Land was divided among the tribes of Israel.

The gates named after the tribes of Israel are reminiscent of the New Jerusalem described in Revelation, where the city has twelve gates named after the twelve tribes.

The concept of restoration and a new beginning in Ezekiel aligns with the promises of restoration found in the prophetic books, such as Isaiah and Jeremiah.