Ezekiel 32:31

Pharaoh will see them and be comforted over all his multitude--Pharaoh and all his army, slain by the sword, declares the Lord GOD.

Study Bible

Pharaoh will see them
The term "Pharaoh" refers to the king of Egypt, a title used for the rulers of ancient Egypt. In the context of Ezekiel, Pharaoh represents not just a historical figure but a symbol of pride and opposition to God. The phrase "will see them" suggests a vision or realization, possibly in the afterlife or a prophetic vision, where Pharaoh becomes aware of the fate of other nations and leaders who have fallen. This seeing is not just physical but a deep understanding of the consequences of defying God.

and be comforted
The Hebrew root for "comforted" is "נחם" (nacham), which can mean to be consoled or to find solace. In this context, it is ironic comfort. Pharaoh finds a twisted solace in seeing that he is not alone in his downfall; other mighty ones have also met their end. This reflects a common biblical theme where the proud are brought low, and even in their downfall, they find a grim camaraderie with others who have similarly fallen.

over all his multitude
The "multitude" refers to the vast army and people of Egypt who followed Pharaoh. Historically, Egypt was known for its powerful military and numerous population. The phrase underscores the extent of the loss; it is not just Pharaoh who is judged, but his entire nation. This serves as a warning of collective judgment, emphasizing that the sins of a leader can have dire consequences for their followers.

Pharaoh and all his army
This repetition emphasizes the totality of the judgment. Not only is Pharaoh judged, but his entire military force, which was a source of national pride and security. The army, often seen as invincible, is now depicted as vulnerable and defeated. This highlights the futility of relying on human strength and military might against the divine will of God.

slain by the sword
The "sword" is a common biblical symbol of judgment and warfare. In ancient times, being slain by the sword was a typical fate for those defeated in battle. This phrase indicates a violent and decisive end, underscoring the severity of God's judgment. It serves as a reminder of the consequences of sin and rebellion against God.

declares the Lord GOD
The phrase "declares the Lord GOD" is a solemn affirmation of divine authority. The Hebrew term "אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (Adonai Yahweh) emphasizes God's sovereignty and ultimate power. This declaration assures the reader that the prophecy is not merely a human prediction but a divine decree. It reinforces the certainty and inevitability of the judgment pronounced, reminding believers of God's control over history and nations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt, representing the nation and its power. In this context, Pharaoh symbolizes pride and opposition to God.

2. The Multitude
Refers to the armies and people of Egypt who have been defeated and are now in the realm of the dead.

3. The Sword
Symbolizes judgment and destruction, often used in the Bible to represent divine retribution.

4. The Lord GOD
The sovereign and ultimate authority, declaring judgment over Egypt and its ruler.

5. The Realm of the Dead
The place where the defeated armies and Pharaoh find themselves, a metaphor for the consequences of opposing God.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Pride
Pharaoh's downfall serves as a warning against pride and self-reliance. God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.

Divine Justice
God's judgment is just and inevitable. The fate of Pharaoh and his army reminds us that no earthly power can stand against God's will.

Comfort in God's Sovereignty
Believers can find comfort in knowing that God is in control and that He will ultimately bring justice to all.

The Reality of Judgment
This passage serves as a sobering reminder of the reality of divine judgment and the importance of aligning ourselves with God's purposes.

Hope for the Righteous
While the wicked face judgment, the righteous can look forward to vindication and eternal life with God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the fate of Pharaoh and his army illustrate the consequences of pride and opposition to God?

2. In what ways can we see the theme of divine justice in our world today, and how should this influence our actions and attitudes?

3. How does the concept of God's sovereignty provide comfort in times of uncertainty or injustice?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure we are aligning ourselves with God's purposes rather than opposing them?

5. How can the hope of ultimate justice and vindication for the righteous encourage us in our daily walk with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 14
This chapter also speaks of the downfall of a proud ruler and the resulting comfort of those who see his demise, drawing a parallel to the fate of Pharaoh.

Revelation 19
Describes the ultimate defeat of the enemies of God, similar to the judgment pronounced on Pharaoh and his army.

Psalm 9:17
Speaks of the wicked being turned into Sheol, connecting to the theme of divine judgment and the fate of those who oppose God.