Ezekiel 31:2

"Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his multitude: 'Who can be compared to your greatness?

Study Bible

Son of man
This phrase is a frequent designation for Ezekiel, used over 90 times in the book. In Hebrew, "ben adam" emphasizes the prophet's humanity and his role as a representative of mankind. It underscores the humility and frailty of human nature in contrast to the divine. The term "son of man" also foreshadows the title Jesus often used for Himself, linking the prophetic and messianic roles across the Testaments. It reminds us of our own human limitations and the need for divine guidance.

say to Pharaoh king of Egypt
This directive is a clear command from God to Ezekiel, instructing him to deliver a message to Pharaoh, the ruler of Egypt. Historically, Egypt was a powerful nation, often seen as a symbol of worldly strength and pride. The mention of Pharaoh ties the prophecy to a specific historical context, likely during the reign of Pharaoh Hophra (Apries), who ruled from 589-570 BC. This phrase highlights the sovereignty of God over all nations and leaders, emphasizing that no earthly power is beyond His reach or judgment.

To whom can you be compared in your greatness?
This rhetorical question challenges Pharaoh's pride and self-perception. In Hebrew, the word for "compared" (damah) suggests likeness or resemblance. The question implies that despite Egypt's grandeur, it is not unique or invincible. This serves as a humbling reminder that all human greatness is ultimately subject to God's authority. Theologically, it points to the futility of human pride and the transient nature of earthly power, urging us to find our identity and worth in God alone.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Ezekiel
A prophet of God, called to deliver messages of judgment and hope to the Israelites during their Babylonian exile.

2. Pharaoh, King of Egypt
The ruler of Egypt, representing a powerful nation often seen as a symbol of pride and opposition to God.

3. Egypt
A significant nation in biblical history, often depicted as a place of both refuge and oppression for the Israelites.

4. The Multitude
Refers to the people of Egypt, under the leadership of Pharaoh, who are being addressed in this prophecy.

5. The Greatness
The perceived power and majesty of Egypt, which is being questioned and challenged by God through Ezekiel.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Pride
Just as Egypt's greatness is questioned, we must be wary of pride in our own lives, recognizing that all power and success come from God.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
This passage reminds us that no nation or leader is beyond God's control and judgment.

The Illusion of Earthly Greatness
Earthly power and majesty are temporary and can be swiftly overturned by God's will.

The Role of Prophets
Ezekiel's role as a messenger highlights the importance of listening to God's warnings and guidance.

Reflecting on Our Own Greatness
We should evaluate areas in our lives where we might be relying on our own strength rather than God's.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the pride of Pharaoh and Egypt compare to areas of pride in our own lives today?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty over nations in current world events?

3. How can we apply the lessons of Egypt's downfall to our personal and communal lives?

4. What role do modern-day "prophets" or spiritual leaders play in guiding us away from pride and toward humility?

5. How can we ensure that our perception of greatness aligns with God's standards rather than the world's?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 14
This chapter also addresses the downfall of a proud nation, drawing parallels between the pride of Babylon and Egypt.

Daniel 4
The account of Nebuchadnezzar's pride and subsequent humbling by God serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over all nations.

Jeremiah 46
Prophecies against Egypt, highlighting God's judgment on nations that exalt themselves against Him.

Psalm 37
Encourages trust in the Lord and warns against envying the prosperity of the wicked, relevant to the perceived greatness of Egypt.

Proverbs 16:18
"Pride goes before destruction," a principle evident in the judgment pronounced on Egypt.