Esther 9:21

to establish among them an annual celebration on the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar

Study Bible

to establish
The Hebrew root for "to establish" is "קוּם" (qum), which means to arise, stand, or set up. In the context of Esther, this word signifies the formalization and institutionalization of a practice. The establishment of Purim as a celebration is not merely a suggestion but a command, ensuring that the memory of God's deliverance is perpetuated through generations. This reflects the importance of remembrance in the Jewish tradition, where God's interventions are celebrated and taught to future generations.

among them
This phrase indicates the communal aspect of the celebration. The deliverance was not just for individuals but for the entire Jewish community. The phrase underscores the unity and collective identity of the Jewish people, who are called to remember and celebrate together. It highlights the importance of community in the faith journey, where shared experiences and collective memory strengthen the bonds among believers.

an annual celebration
The Hebrew word for "celebration" is "שָׂמַח" (samach), which means to rejoice or be glad. The annual nature of the celebration emphasizes the importance of regular remembrance and thanksgiving. It is a time set apart each year to reflect on God's faithfulness and deliverance. This annual observance serves as a reminder of the cyclical nature of life and the need to continually return to God in gratitude and praise.

on the fourteenth and fifteenth days
These specific days mark the time when the Jews gained relief from their enemies, as recorded in the Book of Esther. The precision of these dates underscores the historical reality of the events and the importance of remembering specific acts of divine intervention. It also reflects the Jewish tradition of marking time and events with precision, ensuring that the memory of God's actions is preserved accurately.

of the month of Adar
Adar is the twelfth month of the Jewish calendar, typically falling in February or March. It is a month associated with joy and deliverance, as the events of Purim are celebrated. The mention of Adar situates the celebration within the Jewish liturgical calendar, connecting it to the broader rhythm of Jewish life and worship. This connection to the calendar highlights the integration of faith and daily life, where historical events are remembered and celebrated within the context of ongoing worship and devotion.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Mordecai
A Jewish leader and cousin of Esther who played a crucial role in the events leading to the Jews' deliverance from Haman's plot. He is instrumental in establishing the celebration of Purim.

2. Esther
The Jewish queen of Persia who bravely intervened to save her people from destruction. Her actions are central to the events commemorated by Purim.

3. Haman
The antagonist who plotted to annihilate the Jews in the Persian Empire. His downfall is a key event leading to the celebration of Purim.

4. Purim
The Jewish festival established to commemorate the deliverance of the Jews from Haman's plot. It is celebrated annually on the 14th and 15th of Adar.

5. Adar
The twelfth month of the Jewish calendar, during which the events of Purim took place.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Remembrance
Just as the Jews were instructed to remember their deliverance through Purim, Christians are called to remember God's faithfulness and deliverance in their own lives.

God's Sovereignty in Deliverance
The account of Esther highlights God's providential care and sovereignty, reminding believers that God is in control even when His presence is not overtly visible.

Community and Celebration
The establishment of Purim emphasizes the importance of community and shared celebration in remembering God's acts of salvation.

Courage and Faithfulness
Esther's courage and Mordecai's faithfulness serve as examples for believers to stand firm in their faith and act courageously in the face of adversity.

Transformation of Sorrow to Joy
The transformation from a decree of destruction to a celebration of deliverance encourages believers to trust in God's ability to turn situations around for His glory.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the establishment of Purim as an annual celebration reflect the importance of remembering God's deliverance in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty and providence at work in the account of Esther, and how does this encourage us in our current circumstances?

3. How can the themes of courage and faithfulness in Esther's account inspire us to act in our own spheres of influence?

4. What are some practical ways we can incorporate community and celebration into our spiritual lives, similar to the celebration of Purim?

5. How does the transformation from mourning to joy in Esther's account relate to other biblical accounts of God's deliverance, and how can this encourage us today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 12
The establishment of Passover as a perpetual celebration for the Israelites parallels the institution of Purim as a remembrance of deliverance.

Psalm 30
The theme of turning mourning into joy resonates with the transformation experienced by the Jews in Esther's account.

Nehemiah 8
The reading and understanding of the Law, leading to joy and celebration, mirrors the communal remembrance and celebration seen in Purim.