Deuteronomy 22:11

Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.

Study Bible

Do not wear
This phrase is a direct command, reflecting the authoritative nature of the Mosaic Law. The Hebrew root here is "לֹא" (lo), which is a strong negation, emphasizing the prohibition. In the context of the ancient Israelites, this command was part of a broader set of laws intended to set them apart as a holy people. The directive is not merely about clothing but about obedience and the distinctiveness of God's chosen people.

clothes of wool and linen
The Hebrew words for "wool" (צֶמֶר, tzemer) and "linen" (פִּשְׁתִּים, pishtim) refer to materials commonly used in ancient Near Eastern garments. Wool, derived from sheep, was a staple textile, known for its warmth and durability. Linen, made from flax, was valued for its coolness and comfort, especially in the hot climate of the region. The combination of these two materials in a single garment was prohibited, possibly to maintain a symbolic separation between different aspects of life, reflecting the broader theme of purity and separation in the Law.

woven together
The Hebrew term "שַׁעַטְנֵז" (shaatnez) is used here, which specifically refers to the mixture of wool and linen. This prohibition is unique and has been the subject of much rabbinic discussion. Historically, this mixture was associated with priestly garments, as seen in the ephod worn by the high priest, which was made of a blend of materials (Exodus 28:6). Thus, the prohibition for ordinary Israelites could signify a respect for the sacred, reserving certain combinations for holy purposes and preventing the common use of what was designated for the divine.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, delivering God's laws to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The recipients of the law, God's chosen people, who are being prepared to enter the Promised Land.

3. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites are about to enter, where they are to live according to God's commandments.

4. Mount Sinai
The place where Moses received the Law from God, which includes the commandment in Deuteronomy 22:11.

5. Ancient Near East
The cultural and historical context in which these laws were given, where clothing often had symbolic and practical significance.

Teaching Points

Principle of Separation
The command not to mix wool and linen symbolizes the broader biblical principle of separation between the holy and the common. As believers, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Symbolism of Purity
The prohibition against mixing fabrics can be seen as a metaphor for maintaining purity in our spiritual lives. We should strive to keep our hearts and actions pure, avoiding compromise with worldly values.

Obedience to God's Commands
This law reminds us of the importance of obedience to God's instructions, even when we may not fully understand their purpose. Trusting God's wisdom is crucial in our walk of faith.

Cultural Context and Application
While the specific command about fabrics may not apply directly today, the underlying principle of honoring God in all aspects of life remains relevant. We should seek to understand the cultural context of biblical commands to apply their principles appropriately.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the prohibition against mixing wool and linen teach us about God's desire for purity and separation in our lives?

2. How can the principle of separation found in Deuteronomy 22:11 be applied to our relationships and daily choices today?

3. In what ways does the New Testament address the concept of purity and separation, and how can these teachings guide our understanding of Old Testament laws?

4. How can we discern which Old Testament laws are culturally specific and which principles are timeless for believers today?

5. Reflect on a situation in your life where you are tempted to "mix" worldly values with your faith. How can you apply the principle of separation to remain faithful to God's commands?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 19:19
This verse also prohibits mixing different kinds of materials, reinforcing the theme of separation and purity in the Law.

2 Corinthians 6:14
Paul speaks about not being unequally yoked with unbelievers, which can be seen as a spiritual application of the principle of separation.

Matthew 5:17-20
Jesus speaks about fulfilling the Law, which can help us understand how Old Testament laws relate to New Testament teachings.

Galatians 3:24-25
Paul explains the purpose of the Law as a tutor leading to Christ, providing insight into how we view Old Testament commandments today.