Colossians 2:16

Therefore let no one judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a feast, a New Moon, or a Sabbath.

Study Bible

Therefore
This word serves as a conclusion or a transition from the previous verses. In the context of Colossians, Paul has been discussing the fullness of life in Christ and the sufficiency of His work on the cross. The Greek word "oun" indicates that what follows is a direct result of the truths previously established. It emphasizes the believer's freedom in Christ, rooted in the completed work of Jesus.

let no one judge you
The phrase "let no one judge you" is a call to resist external pressures and judgments from others regarding religious practices. The Greek word "krino" means to judge or to pass judgment. Paul is encouraging the Colossians to stand firm in their faith and not be swayed by those who impose legalistic standards. This reflects the early church's struggle with Judaizers who insisted on adherence to the Mosaic Law.

by what you eat or drink
This phrase refers to dietary laws and restrictions that were part of the Old Covenant. The Greek words "brosis" (eating) and "posis" (drinking) highlight the physical acts of consuming food and drink. In the historical context, Jewish dietary laws were a significant part of religious identity. Paul is emphasizing that in Christ, these ceremonial laws are no longer binding, as they were shadows pointing to the reality found in Jesus.

or with regard to a festival
The term "festival" refers to the Jewish feasts and celebrations prescribed in the Old Testament. The Greek word "heorte" denotes a feast or festival. These were times of communal gathering and worship, but Paul is teaching that they are not requirements for those in Christ. The festivals were symbolic, foreshadowing the coming of Christ, who fulfills their ultimate purpose.

a New Moon
The "New Moon" was a monthly observance in the Jewish calendar, marking the beginning of a new month. The Greek word "neomenia" is used here. It was a time for offerings and special sacrifices. Paul is indicating that such observances are not necessary for salvation or spiritual growth, as they were part of the old covenantal system.

or a Sabbath
The "Sabbath" refers to the weekly day of rest and worship observed by the Jews. The Greek word "sabbaton" is used, which is rooted in the Hebrew "Shabbat." The Sabbath was a sign of the covenant between God and Israel, but Paul is teaching that in Christ, the true rest is found. The Sabbath rest is a shadow of the rest believers have in Jesus, who provides spiritual rest and peace.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Colossians, addressing the church in Colossae.

2. Colossae
An ancient city in Asia Minor, where the church was dealing with false teachings and legalism.

3. Jewish Festivals
Refers to the traditional Jewish observances such as feasts, New Moons, and Sabbaths, which some were imposing on Gentile believers.

Teaching Points

Freedom in Christ
Believers are not bound by the ceremonial laws of the Old Testament. Christ has fulfilled the law, and our righteousness is found in Him, not in legalistic observance.

Avoiding Legalism
Legalism can distract from the core message of the Gospel. We should focus on our relationship with Christ rather than external rituals.

Unity in Diversity
The body of Christ is diverse, and we should respect different convictions regarding non-essential practices, fostering unity rather than division.

Judgment and Grace
We are called to extend grace to others and not judge them based on their observance or non-observance of certain days or dietary laws.

Christ as the Fulfillment
All Old Testament laws and festivals point to Christ. Our focus should be on Him as the substance, rather than the shadow.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the context of Colossians 2:16 help us navigate issues of legalism in the church today?

2. In what ways can we ensure that our freedom in Christ does not become a stumbling block to others, as discussed in Romans 14?

3. How can we apply the principle of unity in diversity within our own church community, especially regarding non-essential practices?

4. What are some modern-day examples of legalism that believers might face, and how can we address them biblically?

5. How does recognizing Christ as the fulfillment of the law change our perspective on Old Testament practices and their relevance today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 14:1-6
Paul discusses the freedom believers have in disputable matters, emphasizing that each person should be fully convinced in their own mind.

Galatians 4:9-10
Paul warns against returning to the weak and miserable principles of observing special days and months.

Hebrews 10:1
The law is described as a shadow of the good things to come, pointing to the fulfillment in Christ.