Acts 4:3

They seized Peter and John, and because it was evening, they put them in custody until the next day.

Study Bible

They seized them
This phrase indicates a forceful action taken by the authorities. The Greek word used here is "ἐπέβαλον" (epibalon), which means to lay hands on or to arrest. This reflects the growing tension between the early Christian community and the Jewish leaders. Historically, this was a time when the early church was beginning to face persecution for preaching the resurrection of Jesus Christ. The act of seizing Peter and John demonstrates the threat that the message of Jesus posed to the established religious order.

because it was evening
The timing of the arrest is significant. According to Jewish law, trials were not to be conducted at night. The evening setting underscores the urgency and perhaps the irregularity of the proceedings. This detail highlights the leaders' desire to quickly suppress the apostles' message without breaching their own legal customs. It also reflects the cultural and religious practices of the time, where evening marked the end of the day and the beginning of a new one, emphasizing the transitional nature of this moment in the narrative.

they put them in custody
The Greek term "ἐν φυλακῇ" (en phylakē) is used here, meaning to guard or imprison. This action signifies the first recorded instance of the apostles being imprisoned for their faith. It marks the beginning of a pattern of persecution that would follow the early church. Theologically, this moment is pivotal as it demonstrates the cost of discipleship and the reality of suffering for the sake of the Gospel. It also serves as a testament to the apostles' unwavering commitment to their mission despite opposition.

until the next day
This phrase indicates a temporary holding, suggesting that the authorities intended to deal with the apostles more formally in the daylight. It reflects the procedural aspect of Jewish legal practices, where decisions and judgments were typically made during the day. This delay also provided an opportunity for the apostles to reflect on their situation and for God to work through their circumstances. In a broader sense, it symbolizes the waiting and endurance that believers often experience in the face of trials, trusting in God's timing and justice.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Peter
One of Jesus' twelve apostles, known for his boldness and leadership in the early church. He was instrumental in spreading the Gospel after Jesus' resurrection.

2. John
Another of Jesus' apostles, often referred to as the "beloved disciple." He was a close companion of Peter in the early church's ministry.

3. The Sanhedrin
The Jewish ruling council responsible for religious and legal matters. They were often in opposition to the early Christian movement.

4. Jerusalem
The city where these events took place, significant as the center of Jewish worship and the early Christian church.

5. The Arrest
Peter and John were seized by the authorities due to their preaching about Jesus and the resurrection, which was seen as a threat to the established religious order.

Teaching Points

Perseverance in Persecution
The early church faced significant opposition, yet they remained steadfast. Believers today are called to persevere in their faith despite challenges.

The Cost of Discipleship
Following Christ may lead to difficult circumstances, including opposition from authorities or society. Understanding this cost is crucial for genuine discipleship.

God's Sovereignty in Trials
Even when Peter and John were arrested, God was in control. Believers can trust in God's sovereignty and purpose in their trials.

The Power of the Gospel
The message of Jesus and the resurrection was powerful enough to provoke strong reactions. Christians should be bold in sharing the Gospel, knowing its transformative power.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the arrest of Peter and John in Acts 4:3 reflect the fulfillment of Jesus' warnings about persecution in Matthew 10:17-20?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty at work in the trials faced by the early church, and how can this encourage us in our own challenges?

3. What are some modern-day examples of persecution for faith, and how can believers respond in a way that honors God?

4. How does understanding the cost of discipleship impact your personal walk with Christ and your willingness to share the Gospel?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced opposition for your faith. How did you see God's presence and power in that situation, and what did you learn from it?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 5:18-21
This passage describes another instance where the apostles were arrested and miraculously freed, showing the continued opposition they faced and God's intervention.

Matthew 10:17-20
Jesus warned His disciples that they would face persecution and arrest, but they should not worry about what to say, for the Spirit would speak through them.

1 Peter 4:12-14
Peter later writes about the blessing of suffering for Christ, encouraging believers to rejoice in such trials.