2 Samuel 3:39
And I am weak this day, though anointed as king, and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, are too fierce for me. May the LORD repay the evildoer according to his evil!"
And I am weak this day
David acknowledges his vulnerability and the challenges he faces despite his position. This reflects the human condition of leaders who, despite their authority, experience moments of weakness. In the broader biblical narrative, this highlights the theme of reliance on God rather than personal strength. David's admission of weakness is reminiscent of Paul's words in 2 Corinthians 12:9, where God's power is made perfect in weakness.

though anointed as king
David was anointed by Samuel as the future king of Israel (1 Samuel 16:13), signifying God's choice and blessing. Despite this divine appointment, David's path to kingship was fraught with challenges, including Saul's pursuit and internal strife within his own ranks. The anointing signifies God's promise and purpose, yet it does not exempt David from trials, illustrating the tension between divine promise and earthly reality.

and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, are too fierce for me
The sons of Zeruiah, Joab and Abishai, were David's nephews and key military leaders. Their fierce nature and actions often conflicted with David's more measured approach. This tension highlights the challenges of leadership and the difficulty of managing strong-willed subordinates. Joab's actions, in particular, often put David in difficult positions, as seen in his unauthorized killing of Abner earlier in this chapter.

May the LORD repay the evildoer according to his evil!
David entrusts justice to God, reflecting a key biblical principle of divine retribution. This echoes the sentiment found in Deuteronomy 32:35, "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, says the Lord." David's reliance on God for justice underscores his faith and the biblical theme that ultimate justice belongs to God. This also foreshadows the New Testament teaching in Romans 12:19, where believers are encouraged to leave room for God's wrath rather than seeking personal vengeance.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The anointed king of Israel, expressing his vulnerability and frustration with the sons of Zeruiah.

2. Sons of Zeruiah
Refers primarily to Joab and Abishai, David's nephews and military commanders, known for their harshness and violence.

3. Zeruiah
David's sister, mother of Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, whose sons played significant roles in David's military campaigns.

4. The LORD
The God of Israel, whom David calls upon to judge and repay the evildoer.

5. Evildoer
In this context, likely refers to Joab, who had just killed Abner, an act that David disapproved of.
Teaching Points
Acknowledging Human Weakness
David's admission of weakness reminds us that even those in positions of power need God's strength. We should not be ashamed to acknowledge our limitations and seek divine help.

Dealing with Difficult People
The sons of Zeruiah represent challenging individuals in our lives. Like David, we must navigate these relationships with wisdom and patience, seeking God's guidance.

Trusting God's Justice
David's appeal to God to repay the evildoer underscores the importance of trusting in divine justice rather than taking matters into our own hands.

Leadership and Humility
David's humility as a leader is a model for us. True leadership involves recognizing our dependence on God and leading with integrity and grace.

Prayer as a Response to Injustice
When faced with wrongdoing, our first response should be prayer, asking God to intervene and bring about justice.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does David's acknowledgment of his weakness in 2 Samuel 3:39 challenge or encourage you in your own areas of leadership or responsibility?

2. In what ways can you apply David's approach to dealing with difficult people in your life, as seen in his relationship with the sons of Zeruiah?

3. How does the concept of leaving vengeance to God, as David does, influence your response to personal injustices or wrongs?

4. Reflect on a time when you felt weak or overwhelmed. How can David's example in this verse guide you in seeking God's strength and justice?

5. How do other scriptures, such as Romans 12:19 and Proverbs 20:22, reinforce the message of 2 Samuel 3:39 regarding handling conflict and seeking justice?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 16:13
Connects to David's anointing as king, highlighting his divine appointment despite his current feelings of weakness.

Psalm 18:2
Relates to David's reliance on God as his strength and fortress, contrasting his expressed weakness in 2 Samuel 3:39.

Romans 12:19
Echoes the theme of leaving vengeance to God, as David does by asking the LORD to repay the evildoer.

Matthew 5:5
Connects to the Beatitudes, where the meek are blessed, reflecting David's humble acknowledgment of his limitations.

Proverbs 20:22
Advises against taking personal revenge, aligning with David's decision to leave judgment to God.
A Weak KingG. Wood 2 Samuel 3:39
Balancings in LifeFrederick Hastinas.2 Samuel 3:39
Folly of Being PowerlessChristian Weekly2 Samuel 3:39
Man's Weakness and God's AnointingC . H. Spurgeon.2 Samuel 3:39
Strong Yet WeakW. Birch.2 Samuel 3:39
Sure RetributionG. Wood 2 Samuel 3:39
The Assassin SparedAlex. Whyte, D. D.2 Samuel 3:39
The Limits of Human SupremacyA. F. Kirkpatrick, M. A.2 Samuel 3:39
The Sons of ZeruiahB. Dale 2 Samuel 3:39
A Long WarC. M. Fleury, A. M.2 Samuel 3:1-39
Perpetual WarJ. Irons.2 Samuel 3:1-39
Progress and Termination of the Civil WarW. G. Blaikie, M. A.2 Samuel 3:1-39
People
Abigail, Abishai, Abital, Abner, Absalom, Adonijah, Ahinoam, Aiah, Amnon, Asahel, Benjamin, Benjamites, Chileab, Dan, David, Eglah, Gibeon, Haggith, Ishbosheth, Ithream, Jezreel, Jezreelitess, Jizreelitess, Joab, Laish, Maacah, Maachah, Michal, Nabal, Ner, Paltiel, Phaltiel, Rizpah, Saul, Shephatiah, Talmai, Zeruiah
Places
Bahurim, Beersheba, Bethlehem, Carmel, Dan, Geshur, Gibeon, Hebron
Topics
Anointed, Control, Crowned, Deeds, Difficult, Doer, Evil, Evildoer, Evil-doer, Evil-doing, Recompense, Repay, Requite, Reward, Sons, Strength, Strong, Tender, Though, To-day, Weak, Wickedness, Zeruiah, Zeru'iah
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Samuel 3:38

     5459   prince
     5489   rank

Library
The King --Continued.
The years thus well begun are, in the historical books, characterized mainly by three events, namely, the bringing up of the ark to the newly won city of David, Nathan's prophecy of the perpetual dominion of his house, and his victories over the surrounding nations. These three hinges of the narrative are all abundantly illustrated in the psalms. As to the first, we have relics of the joyful ceremonial connected with it in two psalms, the fifteenth and twenty-fourth, which are singularly alike not
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

The King.
We have now to turn and see the sudden change of fortune which lifted the exile to a throne. The heavy cloud which had brooded so long over the doomed king broke in lightning crash on the disastrous field of Gilboa. Where is there a sadder and more solemn story of the fate of a soul which makes shipwreck "of faith and of a good conscience," than that awful page which tells how, godless, wretched, mad with despair and measureless pride, he flung himself on his bloody sword, and died a suicide's death,
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

Of a Private Fast.
That we may rightly perform a private fast, four things are to be observed:--First, The author; Secondly, The time and occasion; Thirdly, The manner; Fourthly, The ends of private fasting. 1. Of the Author. The first that ordained fasting was God himself in paradise; and it was the first law that God made, in commanding Adam to abstain from eating the forbidden fruit. God would not pronounce nor write his law without fasting (Lev. xxiii), and in his law commands all his people to fast. So does our
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

A Believer's Privilege at Death
'For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.' Phil 1:1I. Hope is a Christian's anchor, which he casts within the veil. Rejoicing in hope.' Rom 12:12. A Christian's hope is not in this life, but he hash hope in his death.' Prov 14:42. The best of a saint's comfort begins when his life ends; but the wicked have all their heaven here. Woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.' Luke 6:64. You may make your acquittance, and write Received in full payment.' Son, remember that
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

The Morning of Good Friday.
The pale grey light had passed into that of early morning, when the Sanhedrists once more assembled in the Palace of Caiaphas. [5969] A comparison with the terms in which they who had formed the gathering of the previous night are described will convey the impression, that the number of those present was now increased, and that they who now came belonged to the wisest and most influential of the Council. It is not unreasonable to suppose, that some who would not take part in deliberations which were
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Growth in Grace
'But grow in grace.' 2 Pet 3:38. True grace is progressive, of a spreading and growing nature. It is with grace as with light; first, there is the crepusculum, or daybreak; then it shines brighter to the full meridian. A good Christian is like the crocodile. Quamdiu vivet crescit; he has never done growing. The saints are not only compared to stars for their light, but to trees for their growth. Isa 61:1, and Hos 14:4. A good Christian is not like Hezekiah's sun that went backwards, nor Joshua's
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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