2 Samuel 15:19

Then the king said to Ittai the Gittite, "Why should you also go with us? Go back and stay with the new king, since you are both a foreigner and an exile from your homeland.

Study Bible

Then the king said
This phrase introduces King David, a central figure in the narrative. The Hebrew word for "king" is "melek," which signifies not just a ruler but one who is divinely appointed. David's kingship is a fulfillment of God's promise, and his actions are often seen as reflective of God's will. In this context, David's words carry the weight of authority and divine purpose, even in times of personal crisis.

to Ittai the Gittite
Ittai is identified as a "Gittite," indicating he is from Gath, a Philistine city. The mention of Ittai highlights the inclusivity of David's leadership, as he welcomes even foreigners into his ranks. Historically, this reflects the political and social dynamics of the time, where alliances were often formed across ethnic and national lines. Ittai's loyalty to David, despite being a foreigner, underscores the universal appeal of David's leadership and the magnetic nature of his character.

Why should you come with us?
This question reveals David's humility and concern for others, even in his own time of distress. The Hebrew root for "come" (בּוֹא, "bo") often implies entering into a covenant or relationship. David is essentially questioning Ittai's commitment, acknowledging the potential cost of such loyalty. This reflects a broader biblical theme of counting the cost of discipleship and the sacrificial nature of true allegiance.

Go back and stay with King Absalom
David's reference to "King Absalom" is significant, as it acknowledges Absalom's temporary usurpation of the throne. The Hebrew word for "stay" (שׁוּב, "shuv") can also mean "return" or "repent," suggesting a deeper spiritual dimension. David is offering Ittai a choice, respecting his free will, and recognizing the legitimacy of Absalom's claim in a worldly sense, while still maintaining his own divine anointing.

for you are a foreigner and an exile from your homeland
This phrase emphasizes Ittai's status as an outsider, both geographically and culturally. The Hebrew word for "foreigner" (נָכְרִי, "nokhri") often carries connotations of being an alien or stranger, while "exile" (גָּלוּת, "galut") suggests a forced displacement. This highlights the transient nature of earthly kingdoms and the ultimate belonging that comes from being part of God's people. David's acknowledgment of Ittai's status serves as a reminder of the inclusivity of God's kingdom, where all are welcome regardless of their earthly origins.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The King of Israel, who is fleeing Jerusalem due to Absalom's rebellion. He is a central figure in this account, demonstrating leadership and humility.

2. Ittai the Gittite
A foreigner and a loyal follower of David. Despite being a recent addition to David's followers, he shows remarkable loyalty and commitment.

3. Absalom
David's son, who has declared himself king and is the reason for David's flight from Jerusalem. His rebellion is a significant event in David's life and reign.

4. Jerusalem
The capital city of Israel, from which David is fleeing. It represents the center of political and spiritual life for Israel.

5. Exile
The state of being barred from one's native country, which is relevant to Ittai's situation as a foreigner and to David's temporary departure from Jerusalem.

Teaching Points

Loyalty Beyond Borders
Ittai's commitment to David, despite being a foreigner, teaches us about the power of loyalty and faithfulness that transcends national and cultural boundaries.

Leadership in Crisis
David's interaction with Ittai shows his ability to inspire loyalty and his humility in allowing others to choose their path, a model for leadership during challenging times.

The Cost of Discipleship
Just as Ittai chose to follow David at great personal risk, we are called to follow Christ, understanding that true discipleship may require sacrifice and courage.

Welcoming the Outsider
David's acceptance of Ittai, a foreigner, reflects the biblical principle of welcoming and valuing those who are different from us, aligning with the broader scriptural call to love the stranger.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Ittai's loyalty to David teach us about the nature of true commitment and friendship?

2. How can David's leadership during his flight from Jerusalem inform our understanding of leading with humility and grace in times of crisis?

3. In what ways does the account of Ittai challenge us to consider our own willingness to follow Christ, even when it involves personal risk or sacrifice?

4. How does the inclusion of Ittai, a foreigner, in David's company reflect the biblical theme of God's inclusive love and the call to welcome outsiders?

5. Can you identify a situation in your life where you are called to show loyalty or leadership in a challenging context, and how might this passage guide your response?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ruth 1:16-17
Ittai's loyalty to David mirrors Ruth's loyalty to Naomi, showcasing the theme of steadfast devotion despite cultural and national differences.

1 Samuel 22:2
David's earlier gathering of followers who were in distress, debt, or discontented, highlighting how David often attracted those who were outsiders or marginalized.

Matthew 8:20
Jesus' statement about having no place to lay His head connects to David's experience of being on the run and without a home.