1 Samuel 20:8

Therefore deal faithfully with your servant, for you have brought me into a covenant with you before the LORD. If there is iniquity in me, then kill me yourself; why should you bring me to your father?"

Study Bible

Therefore deal kindly
The Hebrew word for "deal kindly" is "חָסֶד" (chesed), which is often translated as "lovingkindness" or "steadfast love." This term is rich in meaning, encompassing loyalty, faithfulness, and mercy. In the context of the covenant relationship between David and Jonathan, it signifies a deep, abiding commitment that goes beyond mere friendship. It reflects the covenantal love that God shows to His people, a love that is unwavering and sacrificial.

with your servant
The term "servant" here is "עֶבֶד" (eved) in Hebrew, which denotes a position of humility and submission. David, though anointed to be the future king, humbles himself before Jonathan, acknowledging the bond of service and loyalty he has with him. This humility is a hallmark of David's character, showing his respect for God's timing and the authority of Jonathan's father, King Saul.

for you have brought your servant into a covenant
The word "covenant" is "בְּרִית" (berit) in Hebrew, a solemn and binding agreement that is central to the biblical narrative. Covenants in the Bible are sacred and often involve commitments made before God. The covenant between David and Jonathan is a profound example of mutual loyalty and divine purpose, reflecting the covenants God makes with His people, which are based on His promises and faithfulness.

with you before the LORD
The phrase "before the LORD" underscores the sacredness of the covenant. It indicates that the agreement is not just between two individuals but is made in the presence of God, who is the ultimate witness and guarantor of the covenant. This elevates the relationship to a spiritual level, reminding us that our commitments to one another are also commitments to God.

If there is iniquity in me
The word "iniquity" is "עָוֹן" (avon) in Hebrew, referring to moral wrongdoing or sin. David's statement is a testament to his integrity and willingness to be held accountable. He invites scrutiny and judgment, demonstrating his commitment to righteousness and his trust in Jonathan's discernment. This reflects a heart that seeks to be right before God and man.

then kill me yourself
This phrase reveals the depth of trust and transparency in David and Jonathan's relationship. David is willing to entrust his life to Jonathan, showing that he values their covenant above his own safety. It is a powerful expression of vulnerability and faith in the integrity of his friend, mirroring the ultimate trust believers are called to have in God.

for why should you bring me to your father?
David questions the need for Jonathan to involve Saul, highlighting the danger and futility of such an action if David were guilty. This reflects David's awareness of Saul's hostility and the precariousness of his situation. It also underscores the theme of divine protection and guidance, as David seeks to navigate the challenges before him with wisdom and reliance on God's providence.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and a man after God's own heart. At this point, he is a fugitive, fleeing from King Saul's wrath.

2. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is known for his loyalty and deep covenantal friendship with David.

3. Covenant
A solemn agreement or promise, often made before God. In this context, it refers to the covenant of friendship and loyalty between David and Jonathan.

4. Saul
The first king of Israel, who becomes increasingly hostile towards David due to jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

5. Ramah
A place where David seeks refuge with Samuel before meeting Jonathan to discuss Saul's intentions.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Covenantal Relationships
Covenantal relationships, like that of David and Jonathan, are built on trust, loyalty, and commitment. In our lives, we should seek to establish and honor such relationships, especially within the body of Christ.

Integrity and Accountability
David's willingness to be held accountable for any wrongdoing ("if there is iniquity in me, put me to death yourself") teaches us the importance of integrity and the readiness to face consequences for our actions.

Godly Friendship
The friendship between David and Jonathan exemplifies a godly relationship that prioritizes the well-being of the other person, even at personal cost. We should strive to cultivate friendships that reflect Christ's love and selflessness.

Trust in God's Sovereignty
Despite the danger he faces, David trusts in God's plan and timing. This encourages us to rely on God's sovereignty, even when circumstances seem dire.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the covenant between David and Jonathan challenge our understanding of friendship and loyalty today?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of accountability in our personal and spiritual lives, as demonstrated by David's request to Jonathan?

3. Reflect on a time when you had to trust in God's sovereignty amidst difficult circumstances. How did that experience shape your faith?

4. How can we cultivate covenantal relationships within our church community, and what practical steps can we take to strengthen these bonds?

5. Consider the sacrificial nature of Jonathan's friendship with David. How does this reflect the love of Christ, and how can we emulate this in our relationships?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:3
This verse describes the covenant made between Jonathan and David, highlighting the deep bond and commitment they shared.

Proverbs 17:17
This proverb speaks to the nature of true friendship, which is relevant to the relationship between David and Jonathan.

John 15:13
Jesus speaks of the greatest love being to lay down one's life for friends, which echoes the sacrificial nature of Jonathan's loyalty to David.