1 Samuel 16:19

So Saul sent messengers to Jesse and said, "Send me your son David, who is with the sheep."

Study Bible

So Saul sent messengers
This phrase indicates the authority and power of King Saul, who, as the first king of Israel, had the ability to command and send messengers at his will. The Hebrew word for "sent" (שָׁלַח, shalach) often implies a mission or purpose. Saul's sending of messengers reflects the divine orchestration at play, as God is using Saul's authority to bring David into the royal court, setting the stage for David's future role as king. Historically, this action demonstrates the centralized power of the monarchy in ancient Israel, where the king's word was law.

to Jesse
Jesse, the father of David, is a significant figure in the lineage of Jesus Christ, as noted in the genealogies of the New Testament. The Hebrew name "Jesse" (יִשַׁי, Yishai) means "God exists" or "God's gift," which is fitting given his role in the divine plan. Jesse's family, residing in Bethlehem, is part of the tribe of Judah, which holds prophetic importance as the tribe from which the Messiah would come. This connection underscores the providential nature of God's plan, weaving together the lives of ordinary people to fulfill His extraordinary purposes.

and said, 'Send me your son David
The request for "your son David" is pivotal. David, whose name in Hebrew (דָּוִד, David) means "beloved," is chosen by God to be the future king of Israel. This moment marks the beginning of David's journey from shepherd to sovereign. The phrase highlights the divine selection of David, a young shepherd, over his older brothers, emphasizing God's preference for the heart over outward appearances. This choice reflects the biblical theme that God often chooses the least likely individuals to accomplish His will, demonstrating His power and wisdom.

who is with the sheep
David's occupation as a shepherd is symbolic and prophetic. The Hebrew word for "sheep" (צֹאן, tson) is often used in Scripture to represent God's people. David's role as a shepherd foreshadows his future as the shepherd-king of Israel, caring for and leading God's flock. This imagery is later fulfilled in Jesus Christ, the Good Shepherd. The pastoral setting also speaks to David's humble beginnings and the development of his character, as tending sheep required courage, patience, and a heart for service—qualities essential for his future kingship. Historically, shepherding was a common occupation in ancient Israel, and it provided a rich metaphor for leadership and care.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, chosen by God but later rejected due to his disobedience. At this point in the account, Saul is troubled by an evil spirit and seeks relief through music.

2. David
The youngest son of Jesse, anointed by Samuel to be the future king of Israel. At this time, he is a shepherd, tending his father's sheep.

3. Jesse
The father of David, residing in Bethlehem. He is a significant figure as the patriarch of the family from which David, and ultimately Jesus, descends.

4. Messengers
Individuals sent by Saul to convey his request to Jesse. They play a role in bringing David into Saul's service.

5. Sheep
Symbolic of David's humble beginnings and his role as a shepherd, which foreshadows his future leadership and care for the people of Israel.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty in Choosing Leaders
Despite human expectations, God chooses leaders based on His purposes and plans. David's selection as king, while he was still a shepherd, reminds us that God sees beyond our current circumstances.

Faithfulness in Small Things
David's faithfulness in tending sheep prepared him for greater responsibilities. We should be diligent in our current roles, trusting that God is preparing us for future tasks.

The Role of Music in Spiritual Warfare
Saul's request for David highlights the power of music in providing spiritual relief and comfort. This encourages us to use worship and music as tools in our spiritual battles.

Obedience and Service
David's willingness to serve Saul, despite being anointed as the future king, demonstrates humility and obedience. We are called to serve others, even when we have our own aspirations.

God's Timing
David's journey from shepherd to king was gradual, teaching us to trust in God's timing for the fulfillment of His promises in our lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's role as a shepherd prepare him for his future responsibilities as king? Reflect on how your current roles might be preparing you for future opportunities.

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty in the selection of leaders, both in biblical times and today?

3. How can music and worship play a role in our spiritual lives, especially during times of distress or spiritual warfare?

4. What lessons can we learn from David's humility and willingness to serve Saul, even after being anointed as king?

5. How can we practice patience and trust in God's timing when we are waiting for His promises to be fulfilled in our lives? Consider other biblical examples of waiting on God's timing.

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 16:11-13
This passage describes David's anointing by Samuel, highlighting God's choice of David despite his youth and humble status.

Psalm 78:70-72
These verses reflect on David's journey from shepherd to king, emphasizing his integrity and skillful leadership.

John 10:11
Jesus refers to Himself as the Good Shepherd, drawing a parallel to David's role as a shepherd and leader.