1 Samuel 15:5

Saul came to the city of Amalek and lay in wait in the valley.

Study Bible

Saul came
The name "Saul" in Hebrew is "Sha'ul," meaning "asked for" or "prayed for." Saul was the first king of Israel, chosen by God in response to the people's demand for a king to lead them like other nations. His coming to Amalek signifies a moment of divine mission, as he was instructed by God through the prophet Samuel to execute judgment on the Amalekites for their past sins against Israel (Exodus 17:8-16). This highlights the theme of divine justice and the fulfillment of God's promises.

to the city of Amalek
The "city of Amalek" refers to the territory of the Amalekites, a nomadic tribe that was a perennial enemy of Israel. Historically, the Amalekites were descendants of Esau and were known for their hostility towards the Israelites, particularly during the Exodus. The mention of the city underscores the tangible reality of the mission Saul was undertaking. It also serves as a reminder of the ongoing spiritual battle between God's people and those who oppose His will.

and lay in wait
The phrase "lay in wait" suggests a strategic military maneuver, indicating that Saul was preparing for an ambush or surprise attack. This reflects the seriousness and gravity of the mission, as well as the need for obedience to God's command. In a broader spiritual sense, it can be seen as a metaphor for the vigilance required in the Christian life, where believers must be prepared to confront and overcome spiritual adversaries.

in the valley
The "valley" often symbolizes a place of decision, conflict, or testing in biblical literature. Valleys are where battles are fought and where faith is tested. In this context, the valley represents the impending confrontation between Saul's forces and the Amalekites. Spiritually, it can be seen as a place where God's people must rely on His strength and guidance to achieve victory. The valley is a reminder that even in low points or challenging situations, God is present and His purposes will prevail.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. Saul's reign is marked by his initial obedience to God, followed by a series of disobediences that ultimately lead to his rejection by God.

2. City of Amalek
The Amalekites were a nomadic tribe and longstanding enemies of Israel. God commanded Saul to completely destroy them as a form of divine judgment for their past actions against Israel.

3. Valley
The specific valley is not named, but it serves as a strategic location for Saul to prepare his attack against the Amalekites.

4. Amalekites
A people descended from Esau, known for their hostility towards Israel. They represent opposition to God's people and purposes.

5. Divine Command
The event is set in the context of God's command to Saul to utterly destroy the Amalekites, which Saul ultimately fails to fully obey.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
Saul's preparation for battle highlights the importance of following God's instructions fully. Partial obedience is disobedience in God's eyes.

The Consequences of Disobedience
Saul's failure to completely destroy the Amalekites leads to his rejection as king. This teaches us that disobedience can have long-lasting consequences.

God's Sovereignty and Justice
The command to destroy the Amalekites reflects God's sovereign justice. It reminds us that God is just and will judge sin.

Spiritual Warfare
The Amalekites symbolize spiritual opposition. Believers are called to be vigilant and prepared to stand against spiritual enemies.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Saul's preparation for battle in the valley teach us about the importance of strategic planning in our spiritual lives?

2. How does the command to destroy the Amalekites relate to God's justice and mercy as seen throughout the Bible?

3. In what ways can partial obedience be a temptation in our own lives, and how can we strive for complete obedience to God's Word?

4. How does the account of Saul and the Amalekites connect to the New Testament teachings on spiritual warfare?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced a "valley" experience in your life. How did you prepare for it, and what role did your faith play in overcoming it?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 17:8-16
This passage recounts the first battle between Israel and the Amalekites, where God promises to blot out the memory of Amalek.

Deuteronomy 25:17-19
God commands Israel to remember what Amalek did and to destroy them when they have rest from their enemies.

1 Samuel 15:22-23
Later in the chapter, Samuel rebukes Saul for his disobedience, emphasizing that obedience is better than sacrifice.