1 Samuel 15:17

And Samuel said, "Although you were once small in your own eyes, have you not become the head of the tribes of Israel? The LORD anointed you king over Israel

Study Bible

And Samuel said
This phrase introduces the prophet Samuel, a pivotal figure in Israel's history. Samuel serves as a bridge between the period of the judges and the establishment of the monarchy. His role as a prophet is crucial, as he is God's mouthpiece to the people and to King Saul. The Hebrew root for "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) implies a declaration or proclamation, emphasizing the authority and divine inspiration behind Samuel's words.

Although you were once small in your own eyes
This phrase reflects Saul's humble beginnings. The Hebrew word for "small" (קָטֹן, qaton) can mean insignificant or unimportant. Saul's initial humility is highlighted here, reminding us of the biblical principle that God often chooses the lowly and humble to accomplish His purposes (1 Corinthians 1:27-29). This humility is contrasted with Saul's later pride and disobedience, serving as a cautionary tale about the dangers of losing sight of one's dependence on God.

have you not become the head of the tribes of Israel?
The phrase underscores Saul's elevation to a position of leadership. The term "head" (רֹאשׁ, rosh) signifies authority and preeminence. Saul's rise to kingship was not due to his own merit but was a result of God's sovereign choice. This serves as a reminder that leadership in God's kingdom is a divine appointment, not a personal achievement, and carries with it the responsibility to lead according to God's will.

The LORD anointed you king over Israel
The act of anointing (מָשַׁח, mashach) is significant in the Hebrew tradition, symbolizing God's selection and empowerment for a specific task. The anointing of Saul as king was a divine act, setting him apart for leadership over God's chosen people. This highlights the sacred nature of his office and the expectation that he would govern in obedience to God's commands. The mention of "The LORD" (יְהוָה, Yahweh) emphasizes the covenant relationship between God and Israel, and the divine authority behind Saul's kingship.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Samuel
A prophet and judge of Israel who anointed Saul as the first king of Israel. He serves as God's spokesperson, delivering messages and judgments.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, chosen by God but later rejected due to his disobedience. His reign marks a significant transition from the period of judges to the monarchy in Israel.

3. Israel
The nation chosen by God, consisting of twelve tribes. Saul was anointed as king to lead and unify these tribes.

4. The LORD
The covenant name of God, Yahweh, who is sovereign over Israel and the one who anoints and deposes kings according to His will.

5. Anointing
A ceremonial act signifying God's choice and empowerment of an individual for a specific role or task, in this case, Saul's kingship over Israel.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Pride
Saul's journey from humility to pride serves as a warning. Initially small in his own eyes, he later acts presumptuously, leading to his downfall. Believers must guard against pride, remembering that all authority and success come from God.

God's Sovereignty in Leadership
God is the one who appoints leaders. Saul's anointing and subsequent rejection remind us that leadership is a divine appointment, and leaders are accountable to God.

The Importance of Obedience
Saul's failure to obey God's commands highlights the critical nature of obedience in the life of a believer. Obedience is better than sacrifice, as later emphasized by Samuel.

Humility as a Virtue
Saul's initial humility was a virtue that made him a suitable candidate for kingship. Christians are called to maintain humility, recognizing their dependence on God.

God's Faithfulness
Despite human failure, God remains faithful to His promises and purposes. He continues to work through His chosen people, even when they falter.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Saul's initial humility contrast with his later actions as king, and what can we learn from this about the dangers of pride?

2. In what ways does God's sovereignty manifest in the appointment and removal of leaders, both in biblical times and today?

3. How does Saul's account illustrate the importance of obedience to God's commands, and how can we apply this lesson in our daily lives?

4. Reflect on a time when you felt "small in your own eyes." How did God use that experience to shape your character or calling?

5. How can we cultivate humility in our lives, and what role does it play in our relationship with God and others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 9:21
Saul's initial humility is highlighted when he questions why Samuel would speak to him about kingship, given his low status in the tribe of Benjamin.

1 Samuel 10:1
Samuel anoints Saul as king, signifying God's choice and empowerment for leadership over Israel.

1 Samuel 13:13-14
Samuel rebukes Saul for his disobedience, foretelling the end of his dynasty and the rise of a king after God's own heart.

James 4:10
This verse emphasizes the importance of humility before God, promising that He will lift up those who humble themselves.