1 Corinthians 5:12

What business of mine is it to judge those outside the church? Are you not to judge those inside?

Study Bible

What business of mine
The phrase "What business of mine" suggests a rhetorical question posed by Paul, emphasizing the boundaries of his apostolic authority. The Greek word used here, "τί," implies a sense of inquiry or questioning. Paul is highlighting the distinction between his responsibilities and those of the church members. This phrase underscores the importance of understanding one's role within the body of Christ and the limits of spiritual authority. It serves as a reminder that believers are called to focus on their own community and spiritual growth rather than overstepping into areas beyond their God-given jurisdiction.

is it to judge
The term "judge" comes from the Greek word "κρίνω" (krinō), which means to separate, distinguish, or make a decision. In the context of this verse, Paul is addressing the act of making moral or spiritual evaluations. The conservative Christian perspective emphasizes that judgment should be exercised with discernment and humility, recognizing that ultimate judgment belongs to God. This phrase calls believers to exercise wisdom and grace when addressing issues within the church, ensuring that their judgments align with biblical principles and the love of Christ.

those outside the church?
"Those outside the church" refers to individuals who are not part of the Christian community. The Greek term "ἔξω" (exō) indicates those who are external or outside the boundaries of the faith community. Paul is making a clear distinction between the responsibilities of the church towards its members and those who do not share the same faith. Historically, the early church faced challenges in maintaining its distinct identity while engaging with the surrounding pagan culture. This phrase encourages believers to focus on nurturing and correcting their own community, while also being a light to the world through their conduct and testimony.

Are you not to judge
This rhetorical question reinforces the responsibility of the church to hold its members accountable. The Greek word "οὐχί" (ouchi) is used to expect an affirmative answer, indicating that it is indeed the duty of the church to exercise judgment within its own community. From a conservative Christian viewpoint, this phrase highlights the importance of church discipline and the need for a community that upholds biblical standards. It serves as a call to action for believers to lovingly correct and restore those who have strayed, ensuring the purity and integrity of the church.

those inside?
"Those inside" refers to members of the Christian community. The Greek word "ἔσω" (esō) signifies those who are within the boundaries of the church. Paul is emphasizing the church's responsibility to maintain order and holiness among its members. In the historical context of the Corinthian church, there were issues of immorality and division that needed to be addressed. This phrase serves as a reminder that the church is a family, and like any family, it requires guidance, correction, and mutual accountability to thrive. It calls believers to foster a community where love, truth, and holiness are paramount, reflecting the character of Christ to the world.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Corinthians, addressing issues within the church at Corinth.

2. The Corinthian Church
A Christian community in Corinth, known for its diverse and often problematic behaviors, which Paul addresses in his letters.

3. Judgment within the Church
The context of this passage involves the responsibility of church members to hold each other accountable to Christian standards.

Teaching Points

Understanding Judgment
Paul distinguishes between judging those inside the church and those outside. The church is called to maintain its purity and standards by addressing sin within its community.

Accountability Among Believers
Believers are encouraged to hold each other accountable, not out of condemnation, but out of love and a desire for spiritual growth and holiness.

Focus on Internal Matters
The church's primary concern should be the spiritual health and conduct of its members, rather than passing judgment on those who do not share the faith.

Restorative Approach
The goal of judgment within the church is restoration and reconciliation, not punishment. This aligns with the broader biblical theme of redemption.

Role of Church Discipline
Church discipline is a necessary practice to maintain the integrity of the church and to encourage repentance and transformation among its members.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Paul's instruction in 1 Corinthians 5:12 challenge our understanding of judgment within the church today?

2. In what ways can we apply the principles of accountability and restoration in our local church community?

3. How do the teachings of Jesus in Matthew 18:15-17 complement Paul's message in 1 Corinthians 5:12?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure that our approach to church discipline is loving and restorative?

5. How can we balance the need for internal accountability with the call to be a witness to those outside the church?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Matthew 18:15-17
Jesus' teaching on how to deal with sin within the church community, emphasizing the process of addressing a brother or sister who sins.

Galatians 6:1
Paul advises believers to restore someone caught in sin gently, highlighting the spirit of humility and care.

1 Peter 4:17
Peter speaks about judgment beginning with the household of God, reinforcing the idea of accountability within the church.