I. HIS CORONATION.

1. His title to the throne, He was Jehoiakim's son, his mother having been Nehushta, "The Brazen," the daughter of El-nathan of Jerusalem (ver. 8; 2 Kings 24:6, 8), one of the princes attached to Jehoiakim's court (Jeremiah 26:22; Jeremiah 36:12, 25).

2. His regal designation. Jehoiachin, "Jehovah has established," perhaps expressive of the hopes with which he assumed the sceptre. His personal name appears to have been "Couiah" (Jeremiah 22:24, 28), or Jeconiah (1 Chronicles 3:16), also signifying "Jehovah establishes."

3. His age at accession. Eight years (ver. 9), obviously a mistake for eighteen (2 Kings 24:8), since he had wives (2 Kings 24:15), and in Jeremiah is represented as a man, while, if Ezekiel (Ezekiel 19:5-9) refers to him rather than Jehoiakim, the language in ver. 7 is hardly suitable as applied to an infant or child of eight.

4. His continuance upon the throne. Three months and ten days - ten days longer than his uncle Jehoahaz (ver. 2), and "just as long as Napoleon's after his landing in March, 1815" (Cheyne). Another illustration of short-lived glory. Vanitas vanitatura!

II. HIS CHARACTER.

1. As a man. He was obviously no better than his father, in whose footsteps he walked. His father's wickedness allured more than his father's evil fortunes repelled him. Jehovah's withering scorn of Coniah as "a despised and broken pot," "a vessel wherein is no pleasure" (Jeremiah 22:28; cf. 48:38), significantly intimates the esteem in which he was held by him who tries the hearts and reins alike of kings and common men; while the relentless doom pronounced upon "this man" and "his seed" was a clear certification that the stock from which he sprang was incurably diseased, that the taint of vileness in the family was ineradicable, that he and his descendants were only fit to be cast out and trodden in the mire (Matthew 5:13; Luke 14:34).

2. As a king. "He did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord" (ver. 9), He had no power, even had he possessed the inclination, to arrest the downward progress of his nation. By personal preference as well as by official position he was bound neck and heels to the heathen party to which his mother Nehushta belonged, and which sought neither the prosperity nor the safety of their land and kingdom in maintaining the pure worship of Jehovah, but in serving Canaanitish, Phoenician, Egyptian, Assyrian, or Babylonian idols, whichever should at any time be thought most likely to serve their turn.

III. HIS CAPTIVITY.

1. The reason. Not stated by either the Chronicler or the author of Kings, this may have been suspicion of Jehoiachin's fidelity (Rawlinson, . Kings of Israel and Judah,' p. 231), or knowledge of Egyptian troops advancing to the aid of Jerusalem (Cheyne, 'Jeremiah: his Life and Times,' p. 162).

2. The time. At the return of the year (ver. 10), i.e. in springtime, when kings were accustomed to go forth to battle (2 Samuel 11:1). The year was the eighth of Nebuchadnezzar's reign (2 Kings 24:12), or B.C. 597.

3. The manner. (2 Kings 24:10-15.)

(1) Nebuchadnezzar despatched his generals to besiege Jerusalem.

(2) Afterwards Nebuchadnezzar himself appeared in front of the city.

(3) Jehoiachin, accompanied by his mother, his wives, his servants, his princes, his officers, went out to make submission and surrender the city to Nebuchadnezzar, in the hope doubtless of being permitted, like Jehoiakim, to retain his kingdom as a vassal of Babylon. This, however, was not accorded him.

(4) Nebuchadnezzar made him prisoner and carried him off to Babylon, as Jeremiah (Jeremiah 22:25) had some time before predicted he would do.

(5) In addition, Nebuchadnezzar carried off his mother, his wives, his officers, the chief men of the land, amongst whom was Ezekiel (Ezekiel 1:1, 2), even ten thousand captives, with seven thousand men of might, and a thousand craftsmen and smiths - "a sad mitigation of his lot indeed, but one for which Jehoahaz might have envied him. All that was best and worthiest in the old capital city went with Jehoiachin to Babylon" (Cheyne, 'Jeremiah,' etc., p. 162).

(6) Only the poorest sort of people were left in the land, with the king's uncle Mattanias, or Zedekiah, as king.

(7) The temple and palace were on this occasion completely plundered. "The goodly vessels of the house of the Lord" (ver. 10), i.e. the larger articles - the smaller ones having been previously taken (ver. 7) - were transported to Babylon.

4. The duration. Thirty-seven years. Then, on the twenty-seventh day of the twelfth month of the year, Evil-Merodach (in the inscriptions Avil-Marduk, signifying "Man of Marduk" or "Merodach"), on coming to the throne after Nebuchadnezzar's death, lifted up his head out of prison (3 Kings 25:27-30). Learn:

1. The incurable character of sin, at least by any merely human means.

2. The swiftness in some cases of Divine retribution.

3. The misery entailed by sin upon evil-doers and all connected with them.

4. The evil done to religion by the wickedness of those who profess and should adorn it. - W.

1. Extensively. All Judah and Jerusalem.

2. Intensively. Bitter lamentation.

3. Protensively. Of long duration, "an ordinance in Israel."

II. THE CAUSE AND GROUND OF IT. The loss of a good leader whose life had been useful.

III. DOCTRINE. That faithful, active, and public-spirited men in the Church of God should not be laid in their graves without great lamentations. In replication I will show —

1. Negatively. On what account the death of good men is not to be lamented.

2. Positively. The true grounds and causes of such lamentation.(1) Because so much of the Spirit of God as dwelt in them, when amongst us, is now recalled and gathered up from this lower world. As it is a real loss to a company when any merchant withdraws a great stock he had running in trade, out of the bank; so certainly it is a great loss to the Church of God, when the precious gifts and graces of the Spirit, dwelling in the saints, are drawn out by death.(2) Because thereby a breach is made to let in the judgments of God upon the remnant that is left.(3) The beauty and ornaments of the places they lived in are defaced and removed by their death.(4) Because the propagation of religion is obstructed in the places from whence they are removed.(5) The consideration of the time in which good men die aggravates the loss, if it falls out, —

(a)In a declining state of religion.

(b)When the numbers of the godly are thinned and lessened.

(c)When the spring and succession of good men is obstructed.(6) When we consider what influence our sins and provocations have had upon those judgments and calamities. I look upon every good man, as a good book, lent by its owners for another to read, and transcribe the excellent notions and golden passages that are in it for his own benefit, that they may return with him when the owner shall call for his book again. But in case this excellent book shall be thrown into a corner, and no use made of it, it justly provokes the owner to take it away in displeasure.Application. This reproves —

1. The worst of men, such as secretly rejoice at the removal of such men.

2. The insensibleness of good men, who are apt too slightly to pass over such tremendous strokes of. God (Isaiah 57:1).

3. The very best of men, who though they do bewail and lament the loss of such men, yet they do not lament it in the due manner.

( John Flavel..)