King James Bible
But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by his chamberlains: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.

American Standard Version
But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by the chamberlains: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.

Young's Literal Translation
and the queen Vashti refuseth to come in at the word of the king that is by the hand of the eunuchs, and the king is very wroth, and his fury hath burned in him.

Esther 1:12 Additional Translations
Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Vashti refused to come - And much should she be commended for it. What woman, possessing even a common share of prudence and modesty, could consent to expose herself to the view of such a group of drunken Bacchanalians? Her courage was equal to her modesty: she would resist the royal mandate, rather than violate the rules of chaste decorum.

Her contempt of worldly grandeur, when brought in competition with what every modest woman holds dear and sacred, is worthy of observation. She well knew that this act of disobedience would cost her her crown, if not her life also: but she was regardless of both, as she conceived her virtue and honor were at stake.

Her humility was greatly evidenced in this refusal. She was beautiful; and might have shown herself to great advantage, and have had a fine opportunity of gratifying her vanity, if she had any: but she refused to come.

Hail, noble woman! be thou a pattern to all thy sex on every similar occasion! Surely, every thing considered, we have few women like Vashti; for some of the highest of the land will dress and deck themselves with the utmost splendor, even to the selvedge of their fortunes, to exhibit themselves at balls, plays, galas, operas, and public assemblies of all kinds, (nearly half naked), that they may be seen and admired of men, and even, to the endless reproach and broad suspicion of their honor and chastity, figure away in masquerades! Vashti must be considered at the top of her sex: -

Rara avis in terris, nigroque simillima cygno.

A black swan is not half so rare a bird.

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

the queen. This refusal of Vashti's to expose herself to the view of such a group of drunken Bacchanalians, was highly praiseworthy, and became the dignity of her rank and the modesty of her sex.

refused.

Genesis 3:16 To the woman he said, I will greatly multiply your sorrow and your conception; in sorrow you shall bring forth children...

Ephesians 5:22,24 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands, as to the Lord...

1 Peter 3:1 Likewise, you wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word...

by his chamberlains. Heb. which was by the hand of his eunuchs. was the king.

Proverbs 19:12 The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favor is as dew on the grass.

Proverbs 20:2 The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: whoever provokes him to anger sins against his own soul.

Daniel 2:12 For this cause the king was angry and very furious, and commanded to destroy all the wise men of Babylon.

Daniel 3:13,19 Then Nebuchadnezzar in his rage and fury commanded to bring Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego...

Nahum 1:6 Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire...

Revelation 6:16,17 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sits on the throne...

burned.

Exodus 32:19,22 And it came to pass, as soon as he came near to the camp, that he saw the calf, and the dancing: and Moses' anger waxed hot...

Deuteronomy 29:20 The LORD will not spare him, but then the anger of the LORD and his jealousy shall smoke against that man...

Psalm 74:1 O God, why have you cast us off for ever? why does your anger smoke against the sheep of your pasture?

Psalm 79:5 How long, LORD? will you be angry for ever? shall your jealousy burn like fire?

Esther 1:12 Parallel Commentaries
Anger Angry Attendants Burned Chamberlains Command Commandment Conveyed Delivered Enraged Eunuchs Furious Fury Hand Heart King's Queen Refused Refuseth Servants Vashti Within Word Wrath WrothAnger Angry Attendants Burned Chamberlains Command Commandment Conveyed Delivered Enraged Eunuchs Furious Fury Hand Heart King's Queen Refused Refuseth Servants Vashti Within Word Wrath WrothTHE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica®.

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