And I lift up mine eyes, and look, and lo, a certain ram is standing before the stream, and it hath two horns, and the two horns are high; and the one is higher than the other, and the high one is coming up last.Daniel 8:3 Additional Translations
Clarke's Commentary on the BibleA ram which had two horns - In the former vision there were four beasts, pointing out four empires; in this we have but two, as only two empires are concerned here, viz., the Grecian and the Persian. The Babylonish empire is not mentioned; its fate was before decided, and it was now at its close.
By the ram, the empire of the Medes and Persians was pointed out, as explained by the angel Gabriel, Daniel 8:20; and particularly Cyrus, who was the founder of that empire. Cyrus was the son of Cambyses, king of Persia; and grandson of Astyages, king of Media, by his daughter Mandane, who had been given in marriage to Cambyses. Cyrus marrying Roxana, the daughter and only child of his uncle Cyaxares, called in Scripture Ahasuerus, succeeded to both crowns, and thus united Media and Persia. A ram was the symbol of the Persians; and a ram's head with two horns, one higher than the other, appears as such in different parts of the ruins of Persepolis. See the plates of these ruins in the supplement to the seventh volume of the ancient part of the Universal History.
This ram had two horns; that is, two kingdoms, viz., Media and Persia; but one was higher than the other; and the higher came up last. Media, signified by the shorter horn, was the more ancient of the two kingdoms. Persia, the higher horn, had come up but lately, and was of little historic or political consequence till the time of Cyrus; but in the reigns of this prince and his immediate successors, Persia attained a political consequence greatly superior to that possessed at any time by the kingdom of Media; therefore, it is said to have been the higher, and to have come up last.
Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
I lifted.
Daniel 10:5 Then I lifted up my eyes, and looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins were girded with fine gold of Uphaz:
Numbers 24:2 And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel abiding in his tents according to their tribes; and the spirit of God came on him.
Joshua 5:13 And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold...
1 Chronicles 21:16 And David lifted up his eyes, and saw the angel of the LORD stand between the earth and the heaven...
Zechariah 1:18 Then lifted I up my eyes, and saw, and behold four horns.
Zechariah 2:1 I lifted up my eyes again, and looked, and behold a man with a measuring line in his hand.
Zechariah 5:1,5,9 Then I turned, and lifted up my eyes, and looked, and behold a flying roll...
a ram. The Medo-Persian empire, of which a ram was the ensign; and a ram's head with horns, one higher than the other, is still to be seen on the ruins of Persepolis.
Daniel 8:20 The ram which you saw having two horns are the kings of Media and Persia.
Daniel 2:39 And after you shall arise another kingdom inferior to you, and another third kingdom of brass...
Daniel 7:5 And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side...
one. Media was the more ancient kingdom; but Persia, after Cyrus, was the most considerable.
Daniel 5:31 And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about three score and two years old.
Daniel 6:28 So this Daniel prospered in the reign of Darius, and in the reign of Cyrus the Persian.
Ezra 1:2 Thus said Cyrus king of Persia, The LORD God of heaven has given me all the kingdoms of the earth...
Ezra 4:5 And hired counsellors against them, to frustrate their purpose, all the days of Cyrus king of Persia...
Esther 1:3 In the third year of his reign, he made a feast to all his princes and his servants; the power of Persia and Media...
Isaiah 13:17 Behold, I will stir up the Medes against them, which shall not regard silver; and as for gold, they shall not delight in it.
Isaiah 21:2 A grievous vision is declared to me; the treacherous dealer deals treacherously, and the spoiler spoils. Go up, O Elam: besiege...
Isaiah 44:28 That said of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, You shall be built...
Jeremiah 51:11 Make bright the arrows; gather the shields: the LORD has raised up the spirit of the kings of the Medes...
the other. Heb. the second.
Daniel 8:3 Parallel Commentaries
Bank Canal Eyes Front High Higher Horns Lifted Ram River Standing Stood StreamBank Canal Eyes Front High Higher Horns Lifted Ram River Standing Stood StreamTHE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica®.Daniel 8:3 Mobile Bible
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