King James Bible
And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

American Standard Version
And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Young's Literal Translation
And three of the thirty heads go down and come unto the harvest, unto David, unto the cave of Adullam, and the company of the Philistines are encamping in the valley of Rephaim,

2 Samuel 23:13 Additional Translations
Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

And three of the thirty - The word שלשים shalishim, which we translate thirty, probably signifies an office or particular description of men. Of these shalishim we have here thirty-seven, and it can scarcely be said with propriety that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place, 1 Chronicles 11:11-47, there are sixteen added. The captains over Pharaoh's chariots are termed שלשים shalishim, Exodus 14:7.

The Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim - This is the same war which is spoken of 2 Samuel 5:17, etc.

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

three, etc. or, the three captains over the thirty.

1 Chronicles 11:15-19 Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam...

Shalishim, `captains,' should most probably be read, instead of {shaloshim:} thirty shalishim, as it is in ver.

2 Samuel 23:8 These be the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains...

, and

Exodus 14:7 And he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over every one of them.

): where LXX. render (), which Jerome (on Ezek

33) says `among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity.'

the cave

Joshua 12:15 The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;

Joshua 15:35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,

1 Samuel 22:1 David therefore departed there, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brothers and all his father's house heard it...

Micah 1:15 Yet will I bring an heir to you, O inhabitant of Mareshah: he shall come to Adullam the glory of Israel.

the valley

2 Samuel 5:18,22 The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim...

1 Chronicles 11:15 Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam...

1 Chronicles 14:9 And the Philistines came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.

Isaiah 17:5 And it shall be as when the harvestman gathers the corn, and reaps the ears with his arm...

2 Samuel 23:13 Parallel Commentaries
Adullam Band Camping Cave Chief Chiefs Company David Encamped Encamping Grain-Cutting Harvest Heads Philistines Pitched Position Rephaim Reph'aim Start Strong Thirty Three Time Troop ValleyAdullam Band Camping Cave Chief Chiefs Company David Encamped Encamping Grain-Cutting Harvest Heads Philistines Pitched Position Rephaim Reph'aim Start Strong Thirty Three Time Troop ValleyTHE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica®.

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