The phrase "thousands upon thousands" or "myriads upon myriads" is a biblical expression used to convey an innumerable multitude, often in the context of divine majesty, heavenly hosts, or eschatological visions. This expression underscores the vastness and immeasurable nature of God's creation and His celestial army.

Old Testament Usage

In the Old Testament, the phrase is prominently featured in the book of Daniel. Daniel 7:10 describes a vision of the Ancient of Days: "A river of fire was flowing, coming out from His presence. Thousands upon thousands attended Him, and myriads upon myriads stood before Him. The court was convened, and the books were opened." Here, the phrase emphasizes the overwhelming number of heavenly beings serving and standing before God, highlighting His supreme authority and the grandeur of His heavenly court.

New Testament Usage

The New Testament echoes this imagery in the book of Revelation. Revelation 5:11 states, "Then I looked, and I heard the voices of many angels and living creatures and elders encircling the throne, and their number was myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands." This passage portrays a scene of worship and adoration directed towards the Lamb, Jesus Christ, illustrating the vast assembly of heavenly beings participating in the divine liturgy.

Theological Significance

The use of "thousands upon thousands" and "myriads upon myriads" serves to communicate the infinite nature of God's power and the boundless scope of His creation. It reflects the biblical theme of God's sovereignty and the majesty of His heavenly kingdom. The imagery of countless angels and heavenly beings attending to God or worshiping the Lamb underscores the divine order and the ultimate authority of God over all creation.

Symbolism and Interpretation

In biblical literature, numbers often carry symbolic meaning. The use of large, indefinite numbers like "thousands" and "myriads" is not meant to be taken literally but rather to convey the idea of an uncountable multitude. This symbolism is consistent with the apocalyptic genre, which frequently employs vivid and grandiose imagery to communicate spiritual truths.

Application in Worship and Doctrine

For believers, these passages inspire awe and reverence for God's majesty and the heavenly reality that transcends earthly understanding. They remind Christians of the vastness of God's kingdom and the ultimate victory of Christ, encouraging faithfulness and hope in the promises of God. The imagery of countless worshipers also serves as a model for earthly worship, reflecting the unity and diversity of the body of Christ in its praise and adoration of God.

In summary, the expression "thousands upon thousands" or "myriads upon myriads" is a powerful biblical motif that captures the grandeur of God's heavenly realm and the infinite scope of His divine authority. It invites believers to contemplate the majesty of God and the ultimate fulfillment of His kingdom.