The early Christian worship setting was a unique blend of Jewish traditions and the new faith in Jesus Christ, reflecting the transition from the Old Covenant to the New Covenant. This setting was characterized by simplicity, community, and a focus on the teachings of Jesus and the apostles.

Meeting Places

Initially, early Christians met in private homes, as seen in Acts 2:46: "With one accord, they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart." These house churches provided an intimate setting for worship, teaching, and fellowship. The use of homes was practical and necessary due to the lack of formal church buildings and the need for discretion in times of persecution.

Elements of Worship

1. Teaching and Doctrine: The apostles' teaching was central to early Christian gatherings. Acts 2:42 states, "They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer." The teachings were based on the Hebrew Scriptures and the life and words of Jesus, as recounted by the apostles.

2. Prayer: Prayer was a vital component of early Christian worship. Believers prayed together, seeking guidance, strength, and unity. Acts 4:31 illustrates the power of communal prayer: "After they had prayed, their meeting place was shaken, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and spoke the word of God boldly."

3. Breaking of Bread: The breaking of bread, or the Lord's Supper, was a regular practice, symbolizing the body and blood of Christ. This act of remembrance was both a communal meal and a sacred observance, as described in 1 Corinthians 11:24-25.

4. Singing and Hymns: Singing was an expression of worship and doctrine. Ephesians 5:19 encourages believers to "speak to one another with psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs. Sing and make music in your hearts to the Lord."

5. Fellowship: Fellowship was integral to the early church, fostering a sense of community and mutual support. Acts 2:44-45 highlights this communal life: "All the believers were together and had everything in common. Selling their possessions and goods, they shared with anyone who was in need."

Leadership and Structure

The early church was led by apostles, elders, and deacons, who were responsible for teaching, pastoral care, and administration. The qualifications and roles of these leaders are outlined in passages such as 1 Timothy 3 and Titus 1. Leadership was characterized by service and humility, following the example of Christ.

Cultural and Social Context

The early Christian worship setting was influenced by the cultural and social context of the Roman Empire. Christians often faced persecution, which shaped their gatherings and practices. Despite these challenges, the early church grew rapidly, driven by the transformative message of the Gospel and the power of the Holy Spirit.

Conclusion

The early Christian worship setting laid the foundation for the development of Christian liturgy and practice. Its emphasis on community, teaching, and the sacraments continues to influence Christian worship today.