The small shields of hammered gold are mentioned in the context of the wealth and splendor of King Solomon's reign, as recorded in the Old Testament. These shields are a testament to the opulence and grandeur of Solomon's kingdom, reflecting both the prosperity of Israel during his rule and the king's commitment to displaying the glory of God through the adornment of the temple and his palace.

Biblical Reference:

The primary reference to the small shields of hammered gold is found in 1 Kings 10:16-17 : "King Solomon made two hundred large shields of hammered gold; six hundred shekels of gold went into each shield. He also made three hundred small shields of hammered gold; three minas of gold went into each shield. And the king put them in the House of the Forest of Lebanon."

Historical and Cultural Context:

During Solomon's reign, Israel reached unprecedented levels of wealth and influence. The construction of the temple in Jerusalem and the king's palace were monumental projects that required vast resources. The small shields of hammered gold were part of the royal armory and were likely used for ceremonial purposes rather than practical warfare. They were stored in the House of the Forest of Lebanon, a part of Solomon's palace complex known for its grandeur and extensive use of cedar wood.

The use of gold in these shields signifies the abundance of resources available to Solomon. Gold, a symbol of purity, divinity, and kingship, was a fitting material for items associated with the king who was renowned for his wisdom and wealth. The shields served not only as a display of military might but also as a representation of divine favor and blessing upon Israel.

Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the small shields of hammered gold can be seen as a reflection of God's covenantal promises to Israel. Solomon's wealth and the splendor of his kingdom were seen as a fulfillment of God's promises to David, Solomon's father, that his lineage would be blessed and that his son would build a house for the Lord (2 Samuel 7:12-13).

The shields also serve as a reminder of the transient nature of earthly wealth and power. Despite the glory of Solomon's reign, the kingdom would eventually face division and decline. The shields, along with other treasures, were later taken by Shishak, king of Egypt, during the reign of Solomon's son Rehoboam (1 Kings 14:25-26). This event underscores the biblical theme that true security and prosperity are found not in material wealth but in faithfulness to God.

Symbolism and Application:

In a broader sense, the small shields of hammered gold symbolize the importance of dedicating one's resources and talents to the service of God. They remind believers of the call to use their blessings to honor God and to contribute to the beauty and function of the community of faith. The shields also encourage reflection on the priorities of life, urging a focus on spiritual wealth over material accumulation.

In summary, the small shields of hammered gold are a significant biblical artifact that highlights the wealth and splendor of Solomon's reign, the fulfillment of divine promises, and the enduring lesson of placing trust in God above all else.