The phrase "every slave and free man" appears in the context of biblical prophecy and eschatology, specifically in the Book of Revelation. This phrase is significant in understanding the universal scope of certain divine actions and judgments described in the Scriptures.

Biblical Context

The phrase is found in Revelation 6:15, which states: "Then the kings of the earth, the nobles, the commanders, the rich, the mighty, and every slave and free man hid in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains." . This verse is part of the description of the opening of the sixth seal, a moment of cosmic disturbance and divine wrath that affects all levels of society without distinction.

Theological Significance

1. Universal Judgment: The inclusion of "every slave and free man" underscores the comprehensive nature of God's judgment. It emphasizes that divine justice is impartial and all-encompassing, affecting individuals regardless of their social or economic status. This reflects the biblical principle that all humanity is accountable to God, as seen in Romans 2:6, "God 'will repay each one according to his deeds.'"

2. Equality Before God: The phrase highlights the biblical teaching of equality before God. In Galatians 3:28, Paul writes, "There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." This suggests that in matters of salvation and judgment, earthly distinctions such as social status are irrelevant.

3. Symbolism of Fear and Hiding: The reaction of hiding "in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains" symbolizes the universal fear and recognition of divine power. It echoes the prophetic imagery found in Isaiah 2:19, where people hide from the terror of the Lord. This response indicates an acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and the futility of resisting His will.

Historical and Cultural Context

In the ancient world, the distinction between slaves and free men was a fundamental aspect of social structure. Slavery was a common institution in both Jewish and Greco-Roman societies. The mention of both slaves and free men in Revelation serves to illustrate that the events described transcend societal norms and affect all people equally.

Implications for Believers

For believers, the phrase "every slave and free man" serves as a reminder of the impartiality of God's justice and the inclusivity of His call to repentance. It encourages Christians to live with an awareness of their accountability to God, regardless of their earthly status. Furthermore, it reinforces the call to view all individuals as equal in the eyes of God, promoting a spirit of humility and unity within the body of Christ.

Conclusion

The phrase "every slave and free man" in Revelation 6:15 is a powerful reminder of the universal scope of God's judgment and the equality of all people before Him. It challenges believers to live with a sense of accountability and to embrace the biblical vision of unity and equality in Christ.