Customary engagement, within the context of biblical times, refers to the practices and traditions surrounding the betrothal period prior to marriage. This period was a formal and binding agreement between a man and a woman, often arranged by their families, and was considered as significant as the marriage itself.

Biblical Context and Practices

In ancient Israel, engagement, or betrothal, was a legally binding contract. The Hebrew term for betrothal is "erusin," and it marked the beginning of the marriage process. Unlike modern engagements, betrothal in biblical times was more formal and required a legal divorce to break. The betrothal period allowed the couple to prepare for marriage, both materially and spiritually, while remaining celibate.

The Bible provides several examples and references to customary engagement practices. In Genesis 24, the account of Isaac and Rebekah illustrates the involvement of family and servants in the engagement process. Abraham's servant was sent to find a wife for Isaac, and upon finding Rebekah, gifts were exchanged as part of the betrothal agreement (Genesis 24:53: "Then the servant brought out gold and silver jewelry and articles of clothing, and he gave them to Rebekah. He also gave precious gifts to her brother and her mother.").

In the New Testament, the engagement of Mary and Joseph is a notable example. Matthew 1:18-19 states, "This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was betrothed to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. Because Joseph her husband was a righteous man and was unwilling to disgrace her publicly, he resolved to divorce her quietly." This passage highlights the seriousness of betrothal, as Joseph is referred to as Mary's husband even before the marriage was consummated.

Cultural and Legal Aspects

The engagement process often involved a "bride price" or "mohar," which was a payment made by the groom or his family to the bride's family. This was not a purchase of the bride but rather a form of security for the bride, ensuring her well-being and reflecting the groom's commitment.

The betrothal period also served as a time for the groom to prepare a home for his future wife. In John 14:2-3 , Jesus uses the imagery of a bridegroom preparing a place for his bride to describe His relationship with the Church: "In My Father’s house are many rooms. If it were not so, would I have told you that I am going there to prepare a place for you? And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and welcome you into My presence, so that you also may be where I am."

Moral and Spiritual Implications

Customary engagement in biblical times was not only a social contract but also carried moral and spiritual implications. The betrothal period was a time of fidelity and commitment, reflecting the covenant relationship between God and His people. The faithfulness expected during this period is mirrored in the call for believers to remain faithful to God.

The engagement period also served as a metaphor for the relationship between Christ and the Church. The Church, as the bride of Christ, is in a period of betrothal, awaiting the return of Christ, the bridegroom. This imagery is vividly portrayed in Revelation 19:7 : "Let us rejoice and be glad and give Him the glory. For the marriage of the Lamb has come, and His bride has made herself ready."

In summary, customary engagement in biblical times was a significant and binding agreement that involved legal, cultural, and spiritual dimensions. It served as a preparation for marriage and a reflection of the covenant relationship between God and His people.