Proverbs 18:13

He who answers a matter before he hears it--this is folly and disgrace to him.

Study Bible

He who answers a matter
This phrase emphasizes the act of responding or giving an opinion. In the Hebrew text, the word for "answers" is "עָנָה" (anah), which means to respond or reply. The implication here is that the person is quick to speak without full understanding. In the context of ancient Israel, where wisdom was highly valued, this behavior would be seen as rash and unwise. The Bible consistently teaches the importance of listening before speaking, as seen in James 1:19, which advises believers to be "quick to listen, slow to speak."

before he hears it
The phrase underscores the importance of listening and understanding before responding. The Hebrew word for "hears" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to listen or to understand. In the cultural and historical context of the Bible, hearing was not just about the physical act of listening but also about comprehending and considering the information. This reflects a broader biblical principle that values discernment and patience, as seen in the wisdom literature and teachings of Jesus, who often emphasized the importance of truly understanding before acting.

this is folly
The term "folly" in Hebrew is "אִוֶּלֶת" (ivvelet), which denotes foolishness or lack of wisdom. In the biblical context, folly is often contrasted with wisdom, which is a key theme in the book of Proverbs. Folly is not just a lack of intelligence but a moral failing, a departure from the path of righteousness and wisdom. The Bible frequently warns against folly, as it leads to poor decisions and negative consequences, both spiritually and practically.

and disgrace to him
The word "disgrace" in Hebrew is "כָּלוֹן" (kalon), which means shame or dishonor. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, honor and shame were significant social values. To act without understanding and to speak without listening would bring shame not only upon oneself but also upon one's family and community. This reflects the biblical teaching that our actions and words have consequences, and that wisdom and discernment are necessary to maintain honor and integrity. The disgrace mentioned here serves as a warning to the reader about the social and spiritual repercussions of acting foolishly.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
Traditionally regarded as the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. His proverbs often provide practical guidance for living a life that honors God.

2. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical context in which Proverbs was written. Understanding the societal norms and values of ancient Israel can help us grasp the full meaning of the text.

3. The Fool
A recurring character in Proverbs, representing someone who lacks wisdom and understanding, often acting impulsively or without knowledge.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Listening
Listening is a crucial skill for gaining understanding and wisdom. By truly hearing others, we can respond appropriately and avoid misunderstandings.

The Consequences of Hasty Speech
Speaking without full knowledge can lead to embarrassment and damage to one's reputation. It is wise to gather all information before forming a response.

Cultivating Patience in Communication
Patience allows us to process information thoroughly and respond thoughtfully. This aligns with the biblical call to be slow to speak.

The Role of Humility in Dialogue
Humility helps us recognize that we do not have all the answers and need to listen to others. This attitude fosters better relationships and understanding.

Wisdom in Seeking Counsel
Seeking advice and listening to others' perspectives can provide valuable insights and prevent us from making foolish decisions.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Proverbs 18:13 challenge our natural tendencies in communication, and what practical steps can we take to improve our listening skills?

2. In what ways can the principle of being "quick to listen, slow to speak" from James 1:19 be applied in our daily interactions with family, friends, and colleagues?

3. Reflect on a time when you answered a matter before hearing it fully. What were the consequences, and how might you handle a similar situation differently in the future?

4. How can we cultivate humility in our conversations, and why is this important for effective communication according to biblical wisdom?

5. Consider the role of seeking counsel in decision-making. How does listening to others' advice align with the teachings of Proverbs, and what benefits can it bring to our lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 1:19
This verse advises believers to be quick to listen and slow to speak, echoing the wisdom of Proverbs 18:13 about the importance of hearing before responding.

Ecclesiastes 5:1-2
These verses caution against speaking hastily, emphasizing the need for thoughtful consideration before speaking, similar to the message in Proverbs 18:13.

Proverbs 29:20
This verse warns about the dangers of speaking too quickly, reinforcing the idea that hasty speech can lead to folly.