Numbers 36:13

These are the commandments and ordinances that the LORD gave the Israelites through Moses on the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho.

Study Bible

These are the commandments and ordinances
This phrase underscores the divine authority and comprehensive nature of the laws given to the Israelites. The Hebrew words for "commandments" (מִצְוֹת, mitzvot) and "ordinances" (חֻקִּים, chukim) reflect a dual aspect of God's law: mitzvot often refer to specific commands, while chukim can imply decrees that may not be fully understood by human reasoning. This highlights the importance of obedience to God's will, even when His reasons are beyond human comprehension. Historically, these laws were foundational for the community's identity and cohesion, setting them apart as God's chosen people.

that the LORD gave
The phrase emphasizes the divine origin of the laws. The Hebrew name for God used here is YHWH (יהוה), often rendered as "LORD" in English translations. This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His covenant relationship with Israel. The giving of the law is an act of grace, as it provides guidance and structure for living in a way that pleases God. It also reflects God's desire for a personal relationship with His people, as He directly communicates His will to them.

the Israelites
This term refers to the descendants of Jacob, also known as Israel, who became the twelve tribes of the nation. The Israelites were chosen by God to be a holy nation and a kingdom of priests (Exodus 19:6). Their identity was deeply tied to their covenant relationship with God, and the laws given to them were meant to set them apart from other nations. Historically, the Israelites' journey and experiences, including receiving the law, were pivotal in shaping their national and spiritual identity.

through Moses
Moses is a central figure in the Old Testament, serving as the mediator between God and the Israelites. His role as a prophet and leader is crucial, as he faithfully conveys God's commandments to the people. The phrase "through Moses" highlights the importance of leadership and obedience in the community of faith. Moses' life and ministry exemplify humility and dedication to God's purposes, serving as an inspiration for believers to follow God's calling with perseverance and faithfulness.

on the plains of Moab
This geographical reference situates the events in a specific historical and physical context. The plains of Moab were located east of the Jordan River, near the Promised Land. This setting is significant as it represents a transitional phase for the Israelites, who were on the brink of entering the land God had promised to their ancestors. The plains of Moab serve as a place of preparation and instruction, where the Israelites receive final teachings and reminders of God's covenant before crossing into Canaan.

by the Jordan
The Jordan River is a prominent geographical feature in the biblical narrative, symbolizing transition and new beginnings. For the Israelites, it represented the boundary between their wilderness wanderings and the fulfillment of God's promise to give them a land of their own. The mention of the Jordan here underscores the imminence of entering the Promised Land and the importance of adhering to God's commandments as they prepare to establish themselves in a new territory.

across from Jericho
Jericho is one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world and holds significant archaeological and historical importance. In the biblical narrative, it is the first city conquered by the Israelites in the Promised Land, symbolizing the beginning of God's fulfillment of His promises to Israel. The mention of Jericho in this verse serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the victories that await those who trust and obey Him. It also foreshadows the challenges and triumphs the Israelites will face as they take possession of the land.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who are receiving the commandments and ordinances.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader of the Israelites, through whom God delivered the law and guidance to His people.

3. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant-keeping God of Israel, who provides the commandments and ordinances.

4. Plains of Moab
The location where the Israelites are encamped, east of the Jordan River, as they prepare to enter the Promised Land.

5. Jordan River and Jericho
Geographical markers indicating the proximity to the Promised Land, with Jericho being the first city they will encounter upon crossing the Jordan.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Obedience
The commandments and ordinances given by God are not mere suggestions but are essential for living a life that honors Him. Obedience to God's Word is a demonstration of our love and commitment to Him.

God's Faithfulness in Leadership
God provided Moses as a leader to guide the Israelites. In our lives, God places leaders and mentors to help us grow in faith. We should respect and learn from those whom God has appointed over us.

Preparation for Promised Blessings
Just as the Israelites were on the brink of entering the Promised Land, we too must prepare our hearts and lives to receive the blessings God has in store for us. This preparation involves aligning our lives with His commandments.

The Role of Community in Faith
The commandments were given to the entire community of Israel, highlighting the importance of communal faith and accountability. We are called to live out our faith in community, supporting and encouraging one another.

The Continuity of God's Plan
The location and timing of these commandments underscore the continuity of God's plan from the Exodus to the conquest of Canaan. God's plans for us are continuous and purposeful, even when we cannot see the full picture.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the setting of the plains of Moab influence the significance of the commandments given to the Israelites?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate obedience to God's commandments in our daily lives, and what challenges might we face in doing so?

3. How can we identify and support the leaders God has placed in our lives, and why is this important for our spiritual growth?

4. What steps can we take to prepare ourselves for the blessings God has promised us, and how can we ensure we are ready to receive them?

5. How does understanding the continuity of God's plan from the Old Testament to the New Testament enhance our faith and trust in His promises?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 34
This chapter recounts the death of Moses and the transition of leadership to Joshua, emphasizing the importance of Moses' role in delivering God's law.

Joshua 1
After Moses' death, God commands Joshua to lead the people into the Promised Land, continuing the journey that began on the plains of Moab.

Exodus 20
The giving of the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai, which forms the foundation of the laws and ordinances given to Israel.

Hebrews 3
Discusses Moses' faithfulness as a servant in God's house, drawing a parallel to Christ's greater faithfulness.