Joshua 18:4
Appoint three men from each tribe, and I will send them out to survey the land and map it out, according to the inheritance of each. Then they will return to me
Appoint three men from each tribe
The word "appoint" suggests a deliberate and authoritative selection, indicating that these men were chosen for their wisdom, integrity, and capability. In the Hebrew context, the number "three" often symbolizes completeness and stability, suggesting that these men were to provide a comprehensive and balanced report. The phrase "from each tribe" emphasizes the unity and shared responsibility among the tribes of Israel, ensuring that every tribe had a voice and stake in the division of the land.

I will send them out
This phrase indicates divine guidance and oversight. Joshua, as the leader appointed by God, acts under divine authority. The act of sending them out reflects a mission with a purpose, echoing the Great Commission in the New Testament where Jesus sends out His disciples. It underscores the importance of obedience and trust in God's plan.

to survey the land
The task of surveying the land was both practical and spiritual. Practically, it involved mapping and understanding the terrain, resources, and boundaries. Spiritually, it was an act of faith, acknowledging God's promise to give them the land. The Hebrew root for "survey" can also imply a deeper understanding or insight, suggesting that this was not just a physical task but a spiritual one, recognizing God's provision and promise.

and describe it according to the inheritance of each
The word "describe" involves detailed observation and recording, ensuring accuracy and fairness in the division of the land. "According to the inheritance of each" highlights the covenantal promise God made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, that their descendants would inherit the land. This phrase underscores the fulfillment of God's promises and the importance of each tribe receiving their rightful inheritance, as ordained by God.

Then they will return to me
The phrase "return to me" signifies accountability and completion of the task. It reflects the importance of reporting back to the leader, Joshua, who represents God's authority. This return is not just physical but also symbolic of returning to God's presence and acknowledging His sovereignty in the distribution of the land. It emphasizes the need for faithfulness and integrity in carrying out God's commands.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Joshua
The leader of Israel after Moses, tasked with leading the Israelites into the Promised Land and overseeing its division among the tribes.

2. Israelite Tribes
The twelve tribes of Israel, each of which is to receive a portion of the Promised Land as their inheritance.

3. Surveyors
Three men from each tribe chosen to survey and map the land, ensuring a fair and accurate division according to God's promise.

4. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, promised by God to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to be divided among the tribes of Israel.

5. Shiloh
The place where the Israelites gathered and where the tabernacle was set up, serving as a central location for the division of the land.
Teaching Points
Obedience to God's Instructions
The Israelites were to follow God's specific instructions for dividing the land, highlighting the importance of obedience in receiving God's promises.

Unity and Cooperation
The selection of three men from each tribe emphasizes the need for unity and cooperation among the tribes in fulfilling God's plan.

Faith in God's Provision
The division of the land according to God's promise serves as a reminder of His faithfulness and provision for His people.

Stewardship and Responsibility
The task of surveying the land required diligence and accuracy, teaching us about the importance of stewardship in our responsibilities.

Trust in God's Timing
The process of dividing the land was methodical and required patience, reminding us to trust in God's timing and plan for our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. What qualities do you think were important for the men chosen to survey the land, and how can we apply these qualities in our own responsibilities today?

2. How does the division of the land among the tribes reflect God's faithfulness to His promises, and how can this encourage us in our faith journey?

3. In what ways does the cooperation among the tribes in surveying the land serve as a model for unity in the church today?

4. How can we ensure that we are being good stewards of the responsibilities and resources God has entrusted to us?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to trust in God's timing. How did that experience strengthen your faith and reliance on Him?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Numbers 34
This chapter outlines the boundaries of the Promised Land and the initial instructions for its division, providing context for the surveying process in Joshua 18.

Deuteronomy 1
Moses recounts the journey to the Promised Land and the importance of obedience to God's commands, which is foundational to the division of the land.

Proverbs 16:9
This verse speaks to the sovereignty of God in guiding human plans, relevant to the surveying and division of the land as directed by God through Joshua.
Joshua's RemonstranceR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Joshua 18:1-28
Religion in the New LandW. G. Blaikie, D. D.Joshua 18:1-28
Slack to PossessW. Seaton.Joshua 18:1-28
People
Addar, Ben, Benjamin, Bohan, Ephron, Gad, Gibeon, Hoglah, Israelites, Joseph, Joshua, Levites, Manasseh, Ophrah, Rekem, Reuben
Places
Adummim, Arabah, Ataroth-addar, Avvim, Beeroth, Beth-arabah, Beth-aven, Bethel, Beth-hoglah, Beth-horon, Emek-keziz, En-rogel, En-shemesh, Ephron, Geba, Geliloth, Gibeah, Gibeon, Haeleph, Irpeel, Jebus, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jordan River, Kiriath-baal, Kiriath-jearim, Luz, Mizpeh, Mozah, Nephtoah, Ophni, Ophrah, Parah, Ramah, Rekem, Salt Sea, Shiloh, Taralah, Valley of Hinnom, Valley of Rephaim, Zela, Zemaraim
Topics
Appoint, Arise, Describe, Description, Distribution, Heritage, Inheritance, Inheritances, Proportion, Provide, Record, Return, Rise, Select, Survey, Tribe, View, Walk, Writing, Yourselves
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 18:4

     5638   writing

Library
The Northern Coast of Judea. Beth-Horon.
This coast is marked out Joshua 18:12; where, at verse 14, are very many versions to be corrected, which render the sea; such are, the Syriac, the Seventy, the Vulgar, the Italian, ours, &c.: whence ariseth a sense of insuperable difficulty to a chorographical eye: when it should, indeed, be rendered of the west, as the Chaldee, Arabic, R. Solomon, &c. rightly do. We read of a double Beth-horon in the Old Testament, but one only under the second Temple... At that place that great Canaanitish army
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Ramah. Ramathaim Zophim. Gibeah.
There was a certain Ramah, in the tribe of Benjamin, Joshua 18:25, and that within sight of Jerusalem, as it seems, Judges 19:13; where it is named with Gibeah:--and elsewhere, Hosea 5:8; which towns were not much distant. See 1 Samuel 22:6; "Saul sat in Gibeah, under a grove in Ramah." Here the Gemarists trifle: "Whence is it (say they) that Ramah is placed near Gibea? To hint to you, that the speech of Samuel of Ramah was the cause, why Saul remained two years and a half in Gibeah." They blindly
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Beth-El. Beth-Aven.
Josephus thus describes the land of Benjamin; "The Benjamites' portion of land was from the river Jordan to the sea, in length: in breadth, it was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." Let these last words be marked, "The breadth of the land of Benjamin was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." May we not justly conclude, from these words, that Jerusalem and Beth-el were opposite, as it were, in a right line? But if you look upon the maps, there are some that separate these by a very large tract of land,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Retiring Before the Sanhedrin's Decree.
(Jerusalem and Ephraim in Judæa.) ^D John XI. 47-54. ^d 47 The chief priests therefore and the Pharisees gathered a council [called a meeting of the Sanhedrin], and said, What do we? [Thus they reproach one another for having done nothing in a present and urgent crisis. As two of their number (Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathæa) were afterwards in communications with Christians, it was easy for the disciples to find out what occurred on this notable occasion.] for this man doeth many signs.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Flight into Egypt and Slaughter of the Bethlehem Children.
(Bethlehem and Road Thence to Egypt, b.c. 4.) ^A Matt. II. 13-18. ^a 13 Now when they were departed [The text favors the idea that the arrival and departure of the magi and the departure of Joseph for Egypt, all occurred in one night. If so, the people of Bethlehem knew nothing of these matters], behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise [this command calls for immediate departure] and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt [This land was ever the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. Elementary Schools, Schoolmasters, and School Arrangements.
If a faithful picture of society in ancient Greece or Rome were to be presented to view, it is not easy to believe that even they who now most oppose the Bible could wish their aims success. For this, at any rate, may be asserted, without fear of gainsaying, that no other religion than that of the Bible has proved competent to control an advanced, or even an advancing, state of civilisation. Every other bound has been successively passed and submerged by the rising tide; how deep only the student
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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