Job 31:17

if I have eaten my morsel alone, not sharing it with the fatherless--

Study Bible

if I have eaten
The phrase "if I have eaten" suggests a personal reflection and introspection by Job. In the Hebrew text, the verb "eaten" (אָכַל, 'akal) implies not just the act of consuming food but also the broader concept of partaking in sustenance and blessings. Job is examining his actions to ensure that he has not selfishly consumed his resources. This introspection is a hallmark of Job's righteousness, as he is concerned with the moral implications of his actions.

my morsel alone
The term "morsel" (פַּת, path) refers to a small portion of food, indicating modesty and simplicity. The emphasis on "alone" highlights the potential sin of selfishness and neglect of community responsibility. In ancient Near Eastern culture, sharing food was a significant social and religious duty. Job's concern here reflects the biblical principle of hospitality and generosity, which is a recurring theme throughout Scripture, emphasizing the importance of community and care for others.

without letting
This phrase underscores the intentionality behind Job's actions. The Hebrew root (חָסֵר, chaser) can imply a lack or deprivation. Job is asserting that he has not deprived others, particularly the vulnerable, of what they need. This reflects a proactive approach to righteousness, where one actively seeks to include and provide for others, aligning with the biblical call to love one's neighbor.

the fatherless
The "fatherless" (יָתוֹם, yathom) represents one of the most vulnerable groups in ancient society. Orphans were often without protection or provision, making them a primary concern in biblical justice. Job's mention of the fatherless indicates his awareness and compassion for those who are marginalized. This aligns with the broader biblical mandate to care for orphans and widows, as seen in passages like James 1:27, which defines pure religion as caring for the vulnerable.

eat of it
The act of allowing the fatherless to "eat of it" signifies sharing and community. In the Hebrew context, eating together was a sign of fellowship and acceptance. By ensuring that the fatherless could partake in his meal, Job demonstrates a heart aligned with God's justice and mercy. This act of sharing is not just about meeting physical needs but also about restoring dignity and community to those who are often excluded.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Job
A man described as blameless and upright, who feared God and shunned evil. He is the central figure in the Book of Job, known for his immense suffering and unwavering faith.

2. The Fatherless
Refers to orphans or those without a father, often representing the vulnerable and needy in society. In ancient times, they were particularly dependent on the charity and justice of others.

3. The Land of Uz
The setting of the Book of Job, traditionally considered to be in the region of Edom or northern Arabia. It is a place where Job's account unfolds.

4. Job's Friends
Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, who visit Job to comfort him but end up debating the reasons for his suffering.

5. God
The ultimate authority and judge in the account, who eventually speaks to Job and his friends, providing divine perspective on Job's trials.

Teaching Points

Generosity as a Reflection of Righteousness
Job's willingness to share his food with the fatherless is a testament to his righteousness. Believers are called to reflect God's generosity by caring for those in need.

Community Responsibility
The verse underscores the importance of community and the responsibility to support one another, especially the vulnerable. Christians are encouraged to look beyond their own needs and extend help to others.

Integrity in Action
Job's actions demonstrate integrity, as he not only professes faith but also lives it out through tangible acts of kindness. Believers should strive to align their actions with their beliefs.

Compassion as a Christian Duty
The care for the fatherless is not just a suggestion but a duty for those who follow Christ. Compassion should be a hallmark of Christian living.

Self-Examination
Job's self-reflection invites believers to examine their own lives and consider whether they are living up to the biblical call to care for the needy.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Job's example of sharing with the fatherless challenge our current approach to generosity and charity?

2. In what ways can we, as a church community, better support the fatherless and other vulnerable groups in our society?

3. How does the biblical mandate to care for the fatherless align with the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament?

4. What practical steps can you take this week to ensure you are not "eating your morsel alone" but sharing with those in need?

5. Reflect on a time when you were in need and someone shared with you. How can that experience shape your approach to helping others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 1:27
This verse emphasizes the importance of caring for orphans and widows, aligning with Job's commitment to sharing his resources with the fatherless.

Deuteronomy 10:18
Highlights God's justice and care for the fatherless and widows, reinforcing the biblical mandate to support the vulnerable.

Isaiah 1:17
Calls believers to defend the cause of the fatherless, which echoes Job's practice of sharing his food with them.