Jeremiah 49:37

So I will shatter Elam before their foes, before those who seek their lives. I will bring disaster upon them, even My fierce anger," declares the LORD. "I will send out the sword after them until I finish them off.

Study Bible

I will shatter Elam
The term "shatter" in Hebrew is "שָׁבַר" (shabar), which conveys a sense of breaking or destroying something into pieces. This word choice indicates a complete and utter defeat, not just a minor setback. Elam, an ancient kingdom located in what is now southwestern Iran, was known for its military prowess. The prophecy of shattering Elam signifies God's sovereign power over nations, emphasizing that no earthly power can withstand His judgment. Historically, Elam was a significant player in the region, often in conflict with Assyria and Babylon, making this prophecy particularly poignant.

before their foes
The phrase "before their foes" suggests a public and humiliating defeat. The Hebrew word for "foes" is "אוֹיֵב" (oyev), meaning enemies or adversaries. This indicates that Elam's downfall will be witnessed by those who oppose them, adding to their disgrace. In a broader theological context, this serves as a reminder that God can use even the enemies of His people to accomplish His purposes, demonstrating His ultimate control over all events.

before those who seek their lives
This phrase underscores the severity of the threat against Elam. The Hebrew verb "בִּקֵּשׁ" (biqqesh) means to seek or pursue, often with intent to harm. The emphasis here is on the relentless pursuit by those who wish to destroy Elam. It highlights the desperation and danger faced by the nation, serving as a metaphor for the relentless nature of sin and the consequences of turning away from God.

I will bring disaster upon them
The word "disaster" in Hebrew is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which can mean evil, calamity, or misfortune. This is not a random act of violence but a deliberate act of divine judgment. The use of "bring" indicates that God is actively orchestrating these events. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of national and personal sin, and the reality of divine justice.

even My fierce anger
The phrase "fierce anger" is translated from the Hebrew "חֲרוֹן אַף" (charon af), literally meaning "burning of the nose," a vivid metaphor for intense wrath. This anthropomorphic expression conveys the intensity of God's righteous indignation against sin. It is a reminder of God's holiness and the seriousness with which He views rebellion against His will.

declares the LORD
The phrase "declares the LORD" is a common prophetic formula in Hebrew, "נְאֻם יְהוָה" (ne'um YHWH), signifying the authority and certainty of the message. It assures the reader that these are not merely the prophet's words but the very words of God. This adds weight and urgency to the prophecy, emphasizing that it is not to be taken lightly.

I will send out the sword after them
The "sword" is a common biblical symbol for war and judgment. The Hebrew word "חֶרֶב" (cherev) indicates a weapon of destruction. The imagery of sending out the sword suggests an active pursuit of judgment, indicating that there will be no escape for Elam. This serves as a metaphor for the inescapable nature of divine justice.

until I finish them off
The phrase "finish them off" comes from the Hebrew "כָּלָה" (kalah), meaning to complete or bring to an end. This indicates the totality of the judgment that will befall Elam. It underscores the finality of God's decrees and the completeness of His justice. In a broader spiritual sense, it serves as a warning of the ultimate consequences of persistent rebellion against God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Elam
An ancient kingdom located in what is now southwestern Iran. Elam was often in conflict with neighboring nations, including Israel and Babylon.

2. The LORD
The God of Israel, who is speaking through the prophet Jeremiah, declaring judgment upon Elam.

3. Jeremiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, known for his prophecies of judgment and restoration concerning Israel and other nations.

4. Foes of Elam
The enemies of Elam, who are instruments of God's judgment in this context.

5. The Sword
Symbolic of warfare and divine judgment, representing the means by which God will bring disaster upon Elam.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty in Judgment
God is sovereign over all nations, and His judgments are just and purposeful. He uses nations as instruments of His will, demonstrating His control over history.

The Reality of Divine Anger
The fierce anger of the LORD is a reality that should not be ignored. It serves as a warning to nations and individuals to turn from their ways and seek God's mercy.

The Certainty of God's Word
When God declares a judgment, it is certain to come to pass. This should encourage believers to trust in the reliability and truth of God's Word.

Hope Beyond Judgment
While judgment is pronounced, the broader biblical account includes themes of restoration and hope. God's ultimate plan is to bring redemption and restoration to His people.

The Call to Repentance
The judgment on Elam serves as a reminder of the need for repentance. Nations and individuals are called to turn from sin and seek God's forgiveness.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the judgment on Elam reflect God's sovereignty over all nations, and what implications does this have for our understanding of current world events?

2. In what ways does the fierce anger of the LORD challenge our contemporary views of God's character, and how should this influence our relationship with Him?

3. How can we find assurance in the certainty of God's Word, especially when facing personal or communal challenges?

4. What lessons can we learn from the judgment of Elam about the importance of repentance in our own lives?

5. How does the broader biblical account of judgment and restoration provide hope for believers today, and how can we apply this hope in our daily lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 11:11
This verse mentions Elam as one of the places from which God will gather His people, indicating a future hope and restoration.

Ezekiel 32:24
Elam is mentioned in a lamentation, highlighting its downfall and the judgment of God upon it.

Genesis 14:1
Elam is mentioned in the context of the battle of the kings, showing its historical significance and power.