Ecclesiastes 10:5

There is an evil I have seen under the sun--an error that proceeds from the ruler:

Study Bible

There is an evil
The Hebrew word for "evil" here is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which can denote something harmful, wicked, or morally wrong. In the context of Ecclesiastes, it often refers to the perplexing and unjust situations observed in life. The use of "evil" sets the tone for a moral and ethical evaluation, suggesting that what follows is not just unfortunate but fundamentally wrong in the eyes of God and man.

I have seen
The phrase "I have seen" indicates personal observation and experience. The author, traditionally understood to be Solomon, speaks from a position of wisdom and authority. This phrase underscores the authenticity and reliability of the insight being shared. It is not hearsay but a direct witness to the realities of life, emphasizing the credibility of the message.

under the sun
This phrase is a recurring motif in Ecclesiastes, representing the earthly, temporal realm as opposed to the eternal, divine perspective. "Under the sun" suggests a focus on human life and its limitations, often highlighting the futility and vanity of worldly pursuits. It serves as a reminder that the observations made are from a human perspective, limited by the constraints of time and mortality.

an error
The Hebrew word for "error" is "שְׁגָגָה" (shegagah), which implies a mistake or oversight, often with moral implications. This term suggests a deviation from what is right or expected, particularly in the context of leadership. It highlights the fallibility of human rulers and the potential for their decisions to lead to negative consequences.

that proceeds
The word "proceeds" indicates an action or outcome that originates from a specific source. In this context, it suggests that the error is not random but has a clear origin, pointing to the responsibility of the ruler. This emphasizes the influence and impact of leadership decisions on society.

from the ruler
The term "ruler" refers to someone in a position of authority and governance. In the ancient Near Eastern context, rulers were expected to embody wisdom and justice. The mention of a ruler making an error highlights the gravity of leadership and the far-reaching effects of their actions. It serves as a cautionary note about the importance of wise and righteous leadership, as the decisions of those in power can lead to widespread consequences.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
Traditionally considered the author of Ecclesiastes, Solomon was the king of Israel known for his wisdom, wealth, and writings. His reflections in Ecclesiastes often explore the meaning of life and the human condition.

2. Ruler
The term "ruler" in this context refers to those in positions of authority or leadership. The verse highlights the potential for error and folly even among those who govern.

3. Under the Sun
A phrase frequently used in Ecclesiastes to denote life on earth, emphasizing the temporal and often perplexing nature of worldly experiences.

Teaching Points

The Fallibility of Human Leadership
Even the most powerful leaders are prone to error and folly. This should remind us of the importance of humility and seeking God's wisdom in positions of authority.

The Impact of Leadership on Society
The actions and decisions of rulers can have profound effects on their people. This underscores the need for leaders to act justly and wisely.

The Importance of Discernment
As believers, we must discern the actions of those in authority and hold them accountable, while also praying for their guidance and wisdom.

The Sovereignty of God
Despite the errors of human rulers, God remains sovereign. We can trust that He is ultimately in control, even when earthly leadership fails.

The Call to Pray for Leaders
Scripture calls us to pray for those in authority, recognizing their need for divine guidance to avoid the errors that Solomon observed.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of "an error that proceeds from the ruler" challenge our understanding of leadership and authority?

2. In what ways can we apply the lessons from Ecclesiastes 10:5 to our roles as leaders in our families, workplaces, or communities?

3. How do the additional scriptures (Proverbs 28:15, Isaiah 3:4-5, 1 Timothy 2:1-2) enhance our understanding of the potential pitfalls of leadership?

4. What practical steps can we take to support and pray for our leaders, both in the church and in secular society?

5. How can we maintain a balance between respecting authority and holding leaders accountable to God's standards?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 28:15
This verse discusses the impact of wicked rulers on their people, drawing a parallel to the "evil" seen by Solomon in Ecclesiastes 10:5.

Isaiah 3:4-5
These verses describe a time when God allows immature and foolish leaders to rule, leading to societal chaos, similar to the "error" mentioned in Ecclesiastes.

1 Timothy 2:1-2
Encourages prayer for those in authority, recognizing the significant influence leaders have on the well-being of their people, which relates to the potential for error in leadership.