Deuteronomy 7:7

The LORD did not set His affection on you and choose you because you were more numerous than the other peoples, for you were the fewest of all peoples.

Study Bible

The LORD did not set His affection on you
This phrase emphasizes the divine initiative and grace in God's relationship with Israel. The Hebrew word for "set His affection" is "ḥāšaq," which conveys a deep, binding love or attachment. This is not a casual or conditional affection but a profound commitment. In the ancient Near Eastern context, gods were often thought to favor nations based on their power or size, but here, the LORD's love is portrayed as sovereign and unconditional, highlighting His grace and mercy.

and choose you
The concept of "choose" in Hebrew is "bāḥar," which implies a deliberate selection or election. This choice is not based on merit or human standards but on God's sovereign will. Theologically, this reflects the doctrine of election, where God chooses individuals or groups for a specific purpose. In the broader biblical narrative, this choice is foundational to Israel's identity as God's covenant people, set apart to fulfill His purposes.

because you were more numerous than the other peoples
This phrase addresses a common assumption that might have been held by ancient peoples: that a deity would favor a large and powerful nation. However, the LORD's choice of Israel was not based on their size or strength. Historically, Israel was a relatively small and insignificant nation compared to the great empires of the time, such as Egypt or Babylon. This underscores the miraculous nature of their survival and success, attributed solely to God's intervention.

for you were the fewest of all peoples
The Hebrew word for "fewest" is "mĕʿaṭ," which means small or insignificant in number. This highlights the unlikely nature of Israel's election and serves as a reminder of their humble beginnings. Archaeologically, evidence suggests that the early Israelites were indeed a small, tribal society. This phrase serves to magnify God's power and grace, as He chose to work through what was weak and insignificant by worldly standards to accomplish His divine purposes.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant-keeping God of Israel, who chose the Israelites as His people.

2. Israelites
The descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, chosen by God to be His special people.

3. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who delivered God's laws and commandments to them.

4. Canaan
The land promised to the Israelites, which they were to enter and possess.

5. The Exodus
The event of God delivering the Israelites from slavery in Egypt, demonstrating His power and faithfulness.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereign Choice
God's choice of Israel was not based on their size or strength but on His sovereign will and love. This teaches us that God's love and election are based on His grace, not human merit.

Humility in Election
The Israelites were the "fewest of all peoples," reminding us that God's choice should lead to humility, not pride. We are chosen not because of our greatness but because of God's grace.

Faithfulness to God's Covenant
As God chose Israel to be His people, they were called to be faithful to His covenant. Similarly, Christians are called to live in obedience to God's commands as His chosen people.

God's Love and Faithfulness
God's affection for Israel was an expression of His steadfast love and faithfulness. We can trust in God's unchanging love and faithfulness in our lives.

Purpose in Being Chosen
Israel was chosen for a purpose—to be a light to the nations. As believers, we are chosen to reflect God's glory and share His love with the world.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding that God's choice is based on His grace, not our merit, impact your view of your relationship with Him?

2. In what ways can you cultivate humility in your life, knowing that you are chosen by God?

3. How can you demonstrate faithfulness to God's covenant in your daily actions and decisions?

4. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's love and faithfulness. How did it strengthen your faith?

5. What specific actions can you take to fulfill your purpose as God's chosen person in your community or workplace?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 12
God's promise to Abraham to make him a great nation, which is the foundation of Israel's chosen status.

Exodus 19
God declares Israel as His treasured possession, a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.

1 Corinthians 1
Paul speaks of God choosing the weak and foolish things of the world, paralleling God's choice of Israel.

Ephesians 1
The concept of being chosen by God before the foundation of the world, similar to Israel's election.

1 Peter 2
Christians are described as a chosen people, a royal priesthood, echoing the language used for Israel.