Deuteronomy 31:27

For I know how rebellious and stiff-necked you are. If you are already rebelling against the LORD while I am still alive, how much more will you rebel after my death!

Study Bible

For I know
This phrase indicates Moses' intimate understanding and experience with the Israelites. The Hebrew root "yada" implies not just knowledge but an experiential understanding. Moses, having led the Israelites for decades, speaks from a place of deep familiarity with their character. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but is born out of years of witnessing their behavior and attitudes.

how rebellious
The term "rebellious" comes from the Hebrew "meri," which conveys a sense of defiance and opposition. Historically, the Israelites had repeatedly shown resistance to God's commands, as seen in their complaints and idol worship. This rebellion is not just a momentary lapse but a recurring pattern that Moses has observed.

and stiff-necked
"Stiff-necked" is a vivid metaphor used frequently in the Old Testament to describe obstinacy. The Hebrew "qasheh-oref" literally refers to an unyielding neck, like that of an animal refusing to be guided. This imagery highlights the Israelites' stubbornness and unwillingness to submit to divine authority, a trait that has been a significant challenge throughout their journey.

you are
This direct address emphasizes the personal nature of Moses' message. It is not a general statement but a specific indictment of the people standing before him. The use of "you" makes the message immediate and personal, calling the Israelites to self-reflection and accountability.

If you are already rebelling
The conditional "if" introduces a hypothetical that is, in reality, a certainty given their history. The phrase acknowledges the ongoing nature of their rebellion, even during Moses' leadership. It serves as a warning that their current behavior is a precursor to future disobedience.

against the LORD
This phrase underscores the gravity of their rebellion. It is not merely against Moses or human authority but against Yahweh Himself. The covenant relationship between God and Israel makes their rebellion particularly grievous, as it is a breach of their sacred commitment.

while I am still alive
Moses' presence has been a stabilizing force for the Israelites. His leadership and intercession have often mitigated God's wrath. The phrase suggests that his physical presence has been a restraining influence on their behavior, highlighting the importance of godly leadership.

how much more will you rebel
This rhetorical question anticipates an increase in rebellion after Moses' death. It reflects a realistic assessment of human nature and the tendency to stray without strong guidance. The phrase serves as a prophetic warning of the challenges that lie ahead for Israel.

after my death
Moses' impending death marks a significant transition for the Israelites. It signifies the end of an era and the beginning of a new chapter in their history. This phrase highlights the uncertainty and potential for increased disobedience in the absence of their long-time leader.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, delivering his final words and warnings to the people before his death.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, known for their frequent disobedience and rebellion against God's commands.

3. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who has been guiding and providing for the Israelites throughout their journey.

4. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites are about to enter under Joshua's leadership.

5. Rebellion
The persistent disobedience and resistance of the Israelites against God's authority and commandments.

Teaching Points

Understanding Rebellion
Recognize that rebellion against God is a serious issue that stems from a hardened heart and a refusal to submit to His authority.

The Nature of Humanity
Acknowledge the inherent sinful nature of humanity, which often leads to disobedience and rebellion against God.

The Importance of Leadership
Consider the role of godly leadership in guiding and correcting God's people, as seen in Moses' life.

The Need for Vigilance
Be vigilant in your faith, understanding that rebellion can occur even after experiencing God's blessings and guidance.

The Call to Obedience
Embrace a life of obedience to God, recognizing that true freedom and blessing come from following His commands.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Moses' warning in Deuteronomy 31:27 reflect the overall relationship between the Israelites and God throughout their history?

2. In what ways can we see the tendency to be "stiff-necked" in our own lives, and how can we combat this tendency?

3. How does the concept of rebellion in Deuteronomy 31:27 connect with the New Testament teachings on obedience and submission to God?

4. What role does leadership play in preventing rebellion within a community of believers, and how can we support our leaders in this task?

5. How can we apply the lessons from the Israelites' history of rebellion to our personal walk with God today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 32
The incident of the golden calf, illustrating the Israelites' tendency to rebel against God.

Numbers 14
The rebellion at Kadesh Barnea, where the Israelites refused to enter the Promised Land.

Psalm 78
A recounting of Israel's history of rebellion and God's faithfulness.

Acts 7
Stephen's speech, which references the Israelites' stiff-necked nature.

Hebrews 3
A warning against hardening hearts, drawing from the Israelites' example.