Verse 23. Peace be to the brethren. The epistle is closed with the usual salutations. The expression, "peace to you," was the common form of salutation in the East, See Barnes "Mt 10:13"; See Barnes "Lu 24:36"; See Barnes "Ro 15:33"; comp. Gal 6:16; 1 Pe 5:14; 3 Jo 1:14, and is still the "salam" which is used -- the word salam meaning peace.

And love with faith. Love united with faith; not only desiring that they might have faith, but the faith which worked by love.

From God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. The Father and the Son are regarded as equally the author of peace and love. See Barnes "2 Co 13:14".

{c} "be to the brethren" 1 Pe 5:14