"If (או, see Ges. 155, 2) his sin is made known to him," i.e., if any one called his attention to the fact that he had transgressed a commandment of God, he was to bring a he-goat without blemish, and, having laid his hand upon it, to slay it at the place of burnt-offering; after which the priest was to put some of the blood upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering, and pour out the rest of the blood at the foot of the altar, and then to burn the whole of the fat upon the altar, as in the case of the peaceoffering (see Leviticus 3:3-4), and thus to make atonement for the prince on account of his sin. עזים שׂעיר, or שׂעיר alone (lit., hairy, shaggy, Genesis 27:11), is the buck-goat, which is frequently mentioned as the animal sacrificed as a sin-offering: e.g., that of the tribe-princes (Numbers 7:16., Leviticus 15:24), and that of the nation at the yearly festivals (Leviticus 16:9, Leviticus 16:15; Leviticus 23:19; Numbers 28:15, Numbers 28:22, Numbers 28:30; Numbers 29:5, Numbers 29:16.) and at the consecration of the tabernacle (Leviticus 9:3, Leviticus 9:15; Leviticus 10:16). It is distinguished in Numbers 7:16. from the attudim, which were offered as peace-offerings, and frequently occur in connection with oxen, rams, and lambs as burnt-offerings and thank-offerings (Psalm 50:9, Psalm 50:13; Psalm 66:15; Isaiah 1:11; Isaiah 34:6; Ezekiel 39:18). According to Knobel, עזים שׂעיר, or שׂעיר, was an old he-goat, the hair of which grew longer with age, particularly about the neck and back, and עזים שׂעירת (Leviticus 4:28; Leviticus 5:16) an old she-goat; whilst עתּוּד was the younger he-goat, which leaped upon the does (Genesis 31:10, Genesis 31:12), and served for slaughtering like lambs, sheep, and goats (Deuteronomy 32:14; Jeremiah 51:40). But as the עזים שׂעיר was also slaughtered for food (Genesis 37:31), and the skins of quite young he-goats are called שׂעירת (Genesis 27:23), the difference between שׂעיר and עתּוּד is hardly to be sought in the age, but more probably, as Bochart supposes, in some variety of species, in which case seir and seirak might denote the rough-haired, shaggy kind of goat, and attud the buck-goat of stately appearance.

Leviticus 4:31 Parallel Commentaries

all the fat

Leviticus 4:8-10,19,26,35 And he shall take off from it all the fat of the bullock for the sin offering; the fat that covers the inwards...

Leviticus 3:3-5,9-11,14-16 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire to the LORD; the fat that covers the inwards...

a sweet

Leviticus 1:9,13,17 But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the priest shall burn all on the altar, to be a burnt sacrifice...

Leviticus 3:3,5 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire to the LORD; the fat that covers the inwards...

Leviticus 8:21 And he washed the inwards and the legs in water; and Moses burnt the whole ram on the altar: it was a burnt sacrifice for a sweet smell...

Exodus 29:18 And you shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering to the LORD: it is a sweet smell...

Ezra 6:10 That they may offer sacrifices of sweet smells to the God of heaven, and pray for the life of the king, and of his sons.

Job 42:8 Therefore take to you now seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering...

Psalm 40:6,7 Sacrifice and offering you did not desire; my ears have you opened: burnt offering and sin offering have you not required...

Psalm 51:16,17 For you desire not sacrifice; else would I give it: you delight not in burnt offering...

Psalm 69:30,31 I will praise the name of God with a song, and will magnify him with thanksgiving...

Isaiah 42:21 The LORD is well pleased for his righteousness' sake; he will magnify the law, and make it honorable.

Isaiah 53:10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he has put him to grief: when you shall make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed...

Matthew 3:17 And see a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.

Ephesians 5:3 But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not be once named among you, as becomes saints;

Hebrews 1:3 Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power...

Hebrews 9:12,14,15 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place...

Hebrews 10:12,14 But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God...

1 Peter 2:4,5 To whom coming, as to a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious...

1 John 1:7 But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another...

1 John 4:9,10 In this was manifested the love of God toward us, because that God sent his only begotten Son into the world...

Revelation 5:9 And they sung a new song, saying, You are worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for you were slain...

and the priest

Leviticus 4:26,35 And he shall burn all his fat on the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings...