Romans 8:12

Therefore, brothers, we have an obligation, but it is not to the flesh, to live according to it.

Study Bible

Therefore
The word "therefore" serves as a pivotal connector, linking the preceding theological discourse with the practical exhortation that follows. In the Greek, "ἄρα οὖν" (ara oun) is used, indicating a conclusion drawn from the previous arguments. Paul has just elaborated on the life in the Spirit and the freedom from condemnation for those in Christ Jesus. This "therefore" signals a transition from doctrine to duty, urging believers to respond to the truths of their new identity in Christ.

brothers
The term "brothers" (ἀδελφοί, adelphoi) is inclusive, addressing both male and female members of the Christian community. It reflects the familial bond among believers, emphasizing unity and shared identity in Christ. Historically, this term underscores the radical nature of the early Christian community, which transcended social, ethnic, and gender barriers, creating a new family in Christ.

we have an obligation
The phrase "we have an obligation" (ὀφειλέται ἐσμέν, opheiletai esmen) conveys a sense of indebtedness or duty. In the context of Romans, this obligation is not a burdensome legalistic requirement but a grateful response to the grace and life given through the Spirit. The Greek term "opheiletai" suggests a moral or spiritual debt, highlighting the believer's responsibility to live in accordance with the Spirit rather than the flesh.

but it is not to the flesh
"Flesh" (σάρκα, sarka) in Pauline theology often refers to the sinful nature or the human propensity to live independently of God. Here, Paul clarifies that the believer's obligation is not to this old nature. Historically, the "flesh" represents the pre-Christian way of life, characterized by self-centeredness and rebellion against God. The contrast is stark: believers are called to reject the dominion of the flesh, which leads to death.

to live according to it
The phrase "to live according to it" (κατὰ σάρκα ζῆν, kata sarka zēn) describes a lifestyle governed by the flesh. In the Greek, "kata" implies conformity or alignment with a particular standard. Paul warns against living in a manner that aligns with the flesh's desires and dictates. Instead, the believer's life should reflect the transformative power of the Spirit, leading to holiness and life. This exhortation is both a warning and an encouragement, reminding believers of their new identity and the power available to them through the Spirit to live victoriously.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the Book of Romans, Paul is writing to the Christian believers in Rome, providing theological insights and practical guidance for living a life in Christ.

2. Roman Christians
The recipients of the letter, these early Christians were living in a diverse and often challenging environment, facing both internal and external pressures to conform to worldly standards.

3. The Flesh
A term used by Paul to describe the sinful nature and human inclinations that are opposed to God's Spirit.

4. The Spirit
Refers to the Holy Spirit, who empowers believers to live according to God's will and not according to the flesh.

5. Obligation
The duty or responsibility that believers have, which Paul clarifies is not to the flesh but to live by the Spirit.

Teaching Points

Understanding Our Obligation
As believers, our obligation is not to the flesh but to live according to the Spirit. This means making conscious choices that align with God's will and purpose for our lives.

Empowerment by the Spirit
The Holy Spirit empowers us to overcome the desires of the flesh. We must rely on His strength and guidance to live a life that pleases God.

Daily Renewal
Living by the Spirit requires daily renewal of our minds and hearts. This involves regular prayer, study of the Scriptures, and fellowship with other believers.

Resisting Temptation
We must be vigilant in resisting the temptations of the flesh, recognizing that our true identity and purpose are found in Christ.

Living as Witnesses
Our lives should reflect the transformative power of the Spirit, serving as a testimony to others of God's grace and truth.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does it mean to have an obligation "not to the flesh" according to Romans 8:12, and how can this understanding impact your daily decisions?

2. How does the conflict between the flesh and the Spirit, as described in Galatians 5:16-17, manifest in your own life, and what steps can you take to walk more consistently by the Spirit?

3. In what ways can recognizing your body as a temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 6:19-20) influence your lifestyle choices and priorities?

4. How can you actively "put off the old self" and "put on the new self" as instructed in Ephesians 4:22-24, and what role does community play in this process?

5. Reflect on a recent situation where you faced temptation. How did you respond, and what can you learn from Romans 8:12 to help you respond differently in the future?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Galatians 5:16-17
This passage discusses the conflict between the flesh and the Spirit, emphasizing the need to walk by the Spirit to avoid gratifying the desires of the flesh.

1 Corinthians 6:19-20
Highlights the concept of believers being temples of the Holy Spirit, reinforcing the idea of living a life that honors God rather than succumbing to fleshly desires.

Ephesians 4:22-24
Encourages believers to put off the old self, which is corrupted by deceitful desires, and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness.