Numbers 18:19

All the holy offerings that the Israelites present to the LORD I give to you and to your sons and daughters as a permanent statute. It is a permanent covenant of salt before the LORD for you and your offspring."

Study Bible

All the holy offerings
This phrase refers to the sacred gifts and sacrifices that the Israelites were commanded to present to God. In Hebrew, the word for "holy" is "qodesh," which signifies something set apart for divine service. The offerings were not merely ritualistic but were acts of worship and devotion, symbolizing the people's dedication to God. Historically, these offerings included grain, animals, and other valuable items, reflecting the Israelites' acknowledgment of God's provision and sovereignty.

that the Israelites set aside for the LORD
The act of setting aside offerings underscores the principle of consecration. The Hebrew term "natan," meaning "to give" or "to dedicate," indicates a deliberate action of separating something for God's use. This reflects the broader biblical theme of stewardship, where believers are called to honor God with their resources. Archaeological findings, such as altars and temple artifacts, provide evidence of these practices in ancient Israelite culture.

I give to you and your sons and daughters
Here, God is speaking to Aaron and his descendants, the Levitical priesthood. The phrase emphasizes the hereditary nature of the priestly office and the provision for their sustenance. The Hebrew word "natan" is again used, highlighting God's gracious provision. This divine allocation ensured that the priests, who had no territorial inheritance, were supported by the community's offerings.

as a permanent statute
The term "permanent statute" in Hebrew is "chuqqat olam," indicating an everlasting ordinance. This underscores the unchanging nature of God's covenant with the Levitical priesthood. The phrase assures the priests of their perpetual role and provision, reflecting God's faithfulness to His promises. This concept of permanence is a recurring theme in Scripture, illustrating the eternal nature of God's covenants.

It is a covenant of salt
The "covenant of salt" is a unique biblical expression signifying an enduring and unbreakable agreement. Salt, in ancient times, was a symbol of preservation and purity. The use of salt in covenants, as seen in various ancient Near Eastern cultures, indicated a binding and lasting commitment. This metaphor highlights the enduring nature of God's promises and the sacredness of the priestly covenant.

before the LORD
This phrase signifies that the covenant and the offerings are made in the presence of God, emphasizing His sovereignty and holiness. The Hebrew term "panim," meaning "face" or "presence," conveys the idea of being directly before God. This underscores the accountability and reverence required in the Israelites' worship and the priests' service.

for you and your offspring forever
The promise extends beyond Aaron to his descendants, ensuring the continuity of the priestly line. The Hebrew word "zera," meaning "seed" or "offspring," emphasizes the generational aspect of God's covenant. This assurance of perpetual provision and role for the priesthood reflects God's long-term plan for His people and the importance of faithfulness across generations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are commanded to bring offerings to the LORD.

2. Aaron and His Descendants
The priestly line to whom God gives the holy contributions as a perpetual statute.

3. The LORD
The covenant-keeping God who establishes this statute with Aaron and his descendants.

4. Covenant of Salt
A symbolic term indicating a perpetual, unbreakable covenant.

5. Holy Contributions
Offerings made by the Israelites, which include various sacrifices and gifts dedicated to God.

Teaching Points

Understanding the Covenant of Salt
The covenant of salt signifies an enduring and unbreakable agreement. In ancient times, salt was a valuable preservative, symbolizing the lasting nature of God's promises.

The Role of Priests
Aaron and his descendants were set apart to serve God and the community. This passage highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and the responsibility of those called to minister.

God's Provision for His Servants
God provides for the needs of His servants through the offerings of His people. This principle encourages believers to support those in ministry.

Perpetual Statutes and Faithfulness
The concept of a "permanent statute" reminds us of God's faithfulness and the call for His people to remain faithful in their commitments.

Symbolism of Salt in the Christian Life
Just as salt preserves and flavors, Christians are called to preserve the truth of the Gospel and bring the flavor of Christ's love to the world.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the "covenant of salt" symbolize in the context of Numbers 18:19, and how can this understanding deepen our appreciation of God's promises?

2. How does the role of Aaron and his descendants as recipients of the holy contributions relate to the responsibilities of spiritual leaders today?

3. In what ways can believers today support those who are called to full-time ministry, reflecting the principles found in Numbers 18:19?

4. How does the concept of a "permanent statute" in this passage encourage us to remain faithful in our commitments to God and others?

5. How can we, as the "salt of the earth," live out our calling to preserve and flavor the world with the message of the Gospel, as seen in the connection to Matthew 5:13?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 2:13
This verse discusses the use of salt in offerings, emphasizing its role in the covenant and its preservative qualities.

2 Chronicles 13:5
Refers to the covenant of salt with David, highlighting the enduring nature of God's promises.

Matthew 5:13
Jesus calls His followers the "salt of the earth," connecting the idea of salt with preservation and covenant faithfulness.