Judges 19:6

So they sat down and the two of them ate and drank together. Then the girl's father said to the man, "Please agree to stay overnight and let your heart be merry."

Study Bible

So the two of them sat down to eat and drink together
So the two of them
This phrase refers to the Levite and his father-in-law, the father of the concubine. The context of Judges 19 is a narrative that highlights the social and moral decay in Israel during the time of the judges. The Levite, a member of the priestly tribe, represents a spiritual leader, yet his actions and circumstances reveal the widespread corruption and failure to adhere to God's laws. The father-in-law, a man of hospitality, represents the cultural norms of the time, where hospitality was a significant virtue. The phrase underscores the relational dynamics and the cultural expectations of hospitality and reconciliation.

sat down
In ancient Near Eastern culture, sitting down to share a meal was a sign of fellowship and peace. It was a gesture of goodwill and an opportunity to strengthen bonds. The act of sitting down together indicates a temporary resolution of any previous tension or conflict, as the Levite had initially come to retrieve his concubine. This moment of sitting down is a pause in the narrative, offering a glimpse of normalcy and civility amidst the chaos that will soon unfold.

to eat and drink
Eating and drinking together in biblical times was more than just a physical necessity; it was a communal activity that signified unity and agreement. In the Hebrew context, meals were often covenantal, symbolizing a shared commitment or understanding. The act of eating and drinking together here is a momentary reflection of peace and mutual respect, even as the broader narrative of Judges reveals a society in turmoil. It is a reminder of the importance of community and the breaking of bread as a means of fostering relationships.

together
The word "together" emphasizes unity and shared experience. In a time when Israel was fragmented and each tribe did what was right in its own eyes, moments of togetherness were rare and precious. This togetherness, however, is superficial, as the subsequent events in the chapter reveal deep-seated issues and divisions. The fleeting nature of this unity serves as a poignant reminder of the need for true reconciliation and adherence to God's covenant, which alone can bring lasting peace and unity.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Levite
A man from the tribe of Levi who is traveling to retrieve his concubine. Levites were set apart for religious duties in Israel.

2. The Concubine
A secondary wife or woman living with a man without the full status of a wife. She had left the Levite and returned to her father's house.

3. The Father-in-law
The concubine's father, who shows hospitality to the Levite by inviting him to stay and enjoy food and drink.

4. Bethlehem
The town where the concubine's father lives, and where the Levite goes to bring her back.

5. Hospitality Event
The father-in-law's invitation to the Levite to stay and enjoy his hospitality, which is a central theme in this passage.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Hospitality
Hospitality is a recurring theme in the Bible, reflecting God's love and care for others. As Christians, we are called to open our homes and hearts to others, showing kindness and generosity.

Cultural Context of Hospitality
Understanding the cultural context of hospitality in biblical times can deepen our appreciation for these acts and encourage us to practice them in our own lives.

The Role of Reconciliation
The Levite's journey to reconcile with his concubine can remind us of the importance of seeking reconciliation in our relationships, mirroring God's desire for reconciliation with humanity.

The Dangers of Complacency
The father-in-law's repeated invitations to stay longer can serve as a caution against complacency and procrastination in our spiritual and personal lives.

Joy in Fellowship
The phrase "let your heart be merry" underscores the joy found in fellowship and community, encouraging us to find joy in our relationships with others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the cultural practice of hospitality in Judges 19:6 compare to modern-day practices, and how can we apply biblical hospitality in our lives today?

2. In what ways does the Levite's journey to reconcile with his concubine reflect God's desire for reconciliation with us, and how can we pursue reconciliation in our own relationships?

3. How can the repeated invitations from the father-in-law to stay longer serve as a warning against complacency in our spiritual walk?

4. What are some practical ways we can ensure that our hearts remain "merry" in fellowship with others, as seen in this passage?

5. How does the theme of hospitality in Judges 19:6 connect with other biblical examples of hospitality, and what lessons can we learn from these connections?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 19
The hospitality shown by Lot to the angels in Sodom, highlighting the cultural importance of hospitality in ancient times.

Luke 10:38-42
The account of Mary and Martha, where hospitality is shown to Jesus, emphasizing the importance of welcoming others.

Hebrews 13:2
Encourages believers to show hospitality, as some have entertained angels without knowing it, reflecting the value of hospitality in the Christian life.