Judges 11:28

But the king of the Ammonites paid no heed to the message Jephthah sent him.

Study Bible

But the king of the Ammonites
The Ammonites were descendants of Lot, Abraham's nephew, and thus had a distant kinship with the Israelites. Historically, the Ammonites occupied the region east of the Jordan River. The Hebrew term for "king" here is "melek," indicating a ruler with authority over a nation. The Ammonites were often in conflict with Israel, as they laid claim to territories that Israel had settled. This historical tension sets the stage for the confrontation in Judges 11.

paid no heed
The phrase "paid no heed" suggests a deliberate disregard or refusal to listen. In Hebrew, the concept of "heeding" is often tied to obedience and respect. The king's refusal to listen to Jephthah's message reflects a hardened heart and a rejection of peaceful negotiation. This act of ignoring Jephthah's diplomatic efforts highlights the Ammonite king's arrogance and sets the stage for divine intervention, as God often acts when human efforts fail.

to the message
The "message" refers to Jephthah's diplomatic attempt to resolve the conflict without warfare. In the ancient Near East, messages between leaders were crucial for maintaining peace and understanding. Jephthah's message was not just a political maneuver but also a recounting of Israel's history and God's providence. This underscores the importance of remembering God's past faithfulness and using it as a foundation for current decisions.

Jephthah sent him
Jephthah, a judge of Israel, was chosen by God to lead His people during this time of crisis. Despite his background as the son of a harlot and being initially rejected by his own people, Jephthah rose to a position of leadership. His sending of the message demonstrates his wisdom and desire for peace. It also reflects his understanding of God's sovereignty, as he appeals to history and divine justice in his communication with the Ammonite king.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jephthah
A judge of Israel, known for his leadership and vow. He was a Gileadite and the son of a prostitute, which initially led to his rejection by his family. Despite his background, he became a mighty warrior and was called upon to lead Israel against the Ammonites.

2. King of the Ammonites
The ruler of the Ammonites, who were descendants of Lot. The Ammonites were often in conflict with Israel over territorial disputes. In this passage, the king dismisses Jephthah's diplomatic efforts.

3. Ammonites
A people group living east of the Jordan River. They frequently clashed with Israel over land and resources. Their refusal to heed Jephthah's message sets the stage for conflict.

4. Gilead
A region east of the Jordan River, known for its balm and rugged terrain. It was the homeland of Jephthah and a significant area in the tribal allotments of Israel.

5. Diplomatic Message
Jephthah's attempt to resolve the conflict with the Ammonites through negotiation rather than warfare. This message included a historical recount of Israel's journey and God's provision.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Seeking Peace
Jephthah's initial approach to the Ammonites was one of diplomacy and peace. As Christians, we are called to seek peace and reconciliation in our relationships, reflecting the heart of God.

Understanding God's Sovereignty
Jephthah's message to the Ammonites included a recount of God's past actions and His sovereignty over the land. Recognizing God's control over our circumstances can bring peace and confidence in His plans.

The Role of History in Faith
Jephthah used historical context to make his case. Understanding our spiritual heritage and God's past faithfulness can strengthen our faith and guide our decisions.

Responding to Rejection
Despite being ignored by the Ammonite king, Jephthah did not immediately resort to violence. This teaches us to respond to rejection with patience and trust in God's timing.

God Uses Imperfect People
Jephthah's background was less than ideal, yet God used him to deliver Israel. This reminds us that God can use anyone, regardless of their past, for His purposes.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jephthah's approach to the Ammonites reflect the biblical principle of seeking peace before conflict? Can you think of a situation in your life where you can apply this principle?

2. In what ways does understanding God's past actions and sovereignty help us face current challenges? How can you incorporate this understanding into your daily life?

3. How does Jephthah's use of history in his message to the Ammonites encourage us to know and share our spiritual heritage?

4. What can we learn from Jephthah's response to the Ammonite king's rejection about handling rejection in our own lives?

5. Considering Jephthah's background, how does his account encourage you about God's ability to use you despite your past? What steps can you take to be open to God's calling in your life?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 21
This chapter provides background on Israel's journey through the wilderness and their interactions with surrounding nations, including the Ammonites. It highlights God's guidance and provision for Israel, which Jephthah references in his message.

Deuteronomy 2
This passage outlines God's instructions to Israel regarding their interactions with the Ammonites and other neighboring nations. It emphasizes God's sovereignty over the land and His protection of Israel.

Romans 12:18
This New Testament verse encourages believers to live at peace with everyone, as far as it depends on them. Jephthah's attempt at diplomacy reflects this principle of seeking peace before resorting to conflict.