Joshua 20:8

And beyond the Jordan, east of Jericho, they designated Bezer on the wilderness plateau from the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead from the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan from the tribe of Manasseh.

Study Bible

And beyond the Jordan east of Jericho
This phrase situates the geographical context of the cities of refuge. The "Jordan" refers to the Jordan River, a significant geographical and spiritual landmark for the Israelites. Crossing the Jordan symbolized entering into the Promised Land, a fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham. "East of Jericho" indicates the location on the eastern side of the river, emphasizing the inclusivity of God's provision for refuge, even for those not yet fully settled in the land.

they designated Bezer in the wilderness on the plateau from the tribe of Reuben
"Bezer" means "fortress" or "stronghold" in Hebrew, symbolizing a place of safety and protection. Located "in the wilderness on the plateau," Bezer was strategically placed to be accessible to those in need of refuge. The "tribe of Reuben" was one of the tribes that settled east of the Jordan, highlighting the unity and shared responsibility among the tribes to provide refuge and justice.

Ramoth in Gilead from the tribe of Gad
"Ramoth" means "heights" or "high places," indicating its elevated position, which could serve as a physical and spiritual refuge. "Gilead" was a fertile region known for its balm, a healing ointment, symbolizing the healing and restoration available in these cities of refuge. The "tribe of Gad" was known for its warriors, suggesting that the city was well-protected and secure.

and Golan in Bashan from the tribe of Manasseh
"Golan" means "circle" or "enclosure," suggesting a place of safety and completeness. "Bashan" was a region known for its rich pastures and strong bulls, symbolizing strength and provision. The "tribe of Manasseh" was one of the half-tribes that settled on both sides of the Jordan, representing the bridging of territories and the extension of God's mercy and justice across boundaries.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Bezer
A city designated as a city of refuge located in the wilderness on the plateau, belonging to the tribe of Reuben. It served as a sanctuary for those who accidentally committed manslaughter.

2. Ramoth in Gilead
Another city of refuge, situated in the region of Gilead, belonging to the tribe of Gad. It provided protection and justice for those seeking asylum.

3. Golan in Bashan
The third city of refuge mentioned in this verse, located in Bashan and belonging to the tribe of Manasseh. It was part of the system to ensure fair trial and protection.

4. Tribe of Reuben
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, settled on the east side of the Jordan River. They were given the city of Bezer as a city of refuge.

5. Tribe of Gad and Tribe of Manasseh
These tribes were also settled east of the Jordan River and were responsible for maintaining the cities of refuge, Ramoth and Golan, respectively.

Teaching Points

God's Provision for Justice and Mercy
The cities of refuge illustrate God's balance of justice and mercy, providing a place for the accused to find safety and a fair trial. This reflects God's character and His desire for justice tempered with compassion.

The Importance of Community Responsibility
The tribes were responsible for maintaining these cities, highlighting the role of community in upholding justice and providing support for those in need.

Spiritual Refuge in Christ
Just as the cities provided physical refuge, Christ offers spiritual refuge. Believers can find safety and forgiveness in Him, emphasizing the need for a personal relationship with Jesus.

The Role of the Law in Society
The establishment of these cities underscores the importance of laws that protect the innocent and ensure justice, a principle that remains relevant in modern society.

Encouragement to Seek Refuge in God
In times of trouble or when feeling accused, believers are encouraged to seek refuge in God, who is our ultimate protector and advocate.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the cities of refuge reflect God's character of justice and mercy, and how can we apply these attributes in our daily lives?

2. In what ways does the concept of a city of refuge parallel the refuge we find in Christ, and how can this understanding deepen our faith?

3. What responsibilities did the tribes have in maintaining the cities of refuge, and how can this inform our role in supporting justice and mercy in our communities today?

4. How does the establishment of cities of refuge demonstrate the importance of laws and community in God's plan, and what lessons can we draw for our own societal structures?

5. Reflect on a time when you sought refuge in God during a difficult situation. How did this experience strengthen your relationship with Him, and how can you encourage others to do the same?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 35
This chapter provides the initial command from God to establish cities of refuge, explaining their purpose and the laws governing them.

Deuteronomy 4
Moses sets apart the cities of refuge on the east side of the Jordan, reiterating their importance for justice and mercy.

Hebrews 6
The concept of refuge is spiritually connected to the hope we have in Christ, who is our ultimate refuge and high priest.