Joshua 18:15
On the south side the border began at the outskirts of Kiriath-jearim and extended westward to the spring at the Waters of Nephtoah.
On the south side
This phrase indicates a specific geographical orientation, which is crucial in understanding the territorial boundaries being described. In the context of ancient Israel, directions were often given in relation to the cardinal points, which were significant for tribal allocations. The south side here refers to the southern boundary of the land being described, emphasizing the precision with which God allocated the land to the tribes of Israel. This precision reflects God's order and intentionality in His promises and provisions.

the border began
The term "border" in Hebrew is "gevul," which signifies a boundary or limit. In the ancient Near Eastern context, borders were essential for defining the extent of a tribe's inheritance. This demarcation was not just a physical boundary but also a spiritual and covenantal one, as it represented the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham regarding the land. The beginning of the border signifies the starting point of this divine allotment, underscoring the faithfulness of God in delivering what He has promised.

at the edge of Kiriath-jearim
Kiriath-jearim, meaning "City of Forests," was a significant landmark in the tribal territories of Israel. It was located on the border between the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Historically, Kiriath-jearim is known as the place where the Ark of the Covenant was kept for a time before being moved to Jerusalem (1 Samuel 7:1-2). This location serves as a reminder of God's presence and guidance among His people, as well as the importance of sacred spaces in the life of Israel.

and extended to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah
The extension of the border to the "spring of the waters of Nephtoah" highlights the importance of water sources in ancient territorial boundaries. Springs were vital for sustaining life and agriculture, making them valuable landmarks. The Hebrew word for "spring" is "ma'ayan," which can also mean a fountain or source. This imagery of water is often used in Scripture to symbolize life, purity, and sustenance, reflecting God's provision for His people. The specific mention of Nephtoah, though not widely known today, indicates a precise and intentional demarcation, reinforcing the idea that God’s promises are detailed and reliable.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Kiriath-jearim
A city in the territory of Judah, significant in Israel's history as a resting place for the Ark of the Covenant before it was moved to Jerusalem.

2. Spring of the Waters of Nephtoah
A water source marking a boundary in the land allotment for the tribe of Benjamin. It signifies the importance of water sources in defining territorial boundaries in ancient Israel.

3. Tribe of Benjamin
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, receiving its land allotment in this passage. The tribe is known for its warriors and significant figures like King Saul and the Apostle Paul.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Boundaries
Just as physical boundaries were crucial for the tribes of Israel, spiritual and moral boundaries are essential for Christians today. They help define our identity and guide our actions.

Significance of Water
Water sources were vital for survival and prosperity in ancient times. Spiritually, water symbolizes life and purification, reminding us of the living water Jesus offers.

God's Faithfulness in Allotment
The detailed allotment of land to the tribes of Israel reflects God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises. We can trust God to provide for our needs and guide us in our life's journey.

Historical and Spiritual Heritage
Places like Kiriath-jearim remind us of our spiritual heritage and the importance of remembering God's past works in our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. What can the physical boundaries described in Joshua 18:15 teach us about setting spiritual boundaries in our lives today?

2. How does the significance of water in the Bible, as seen in the spring of Nephtoah, relate to Jesus' teaching about living water?

3. In what ways does the detailed allotment of land to the tribes of Israel demonstrate God's faithfulness, and how can this encourage us in our personal walk with God?

4. How does the historical significance of Kiriath-jearim enhance our understanding of God's presence and work in the lives of His people?

5. Reflect on a time when God provided for you in a specific way. How does this passage encourage you to trust in God's provision and guidance?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Joshua 15:9
This verse also mentions the spring of Nephtoah, providing a parallel account of the boundary descriptions for the tribe of Judah, showing the interconnectedness of tribal territories.

1 Samuel 7:1-2
Describes the Ark of the Covenant being brought to Kiriath-jearim, highlighting the city's spiritual significance in Israel's history.

Psalm 78:60-61
Reflects on the movement of the Ark and God's presence, which ties back to the historical and spiritual importance of locations like Kiriath-jearim.
Joshua's RemonstranceR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Joshua 18:1-28
Religion in the New LandW. G. Blaikie, D. D.Joshua 18:1-28
Slack to PossessW. Seaton.Joshua 18:1-28
People
Addar, Ben, Benjamin, Bohan, Ephron, Gad, Gibeon, Hoglah, Israelites, Joseph, Joshua, Levites, Manasseh, Ophrah, Rekem, Reuben
Places
Adummim, Arabah, Ataroth-addar, Avvim, Beeroth, Beth-arabah, Beth-aven, Bethel, Beth-hoglah, Beth-horon, Emek-keziz, En-rogel, En-shemesh, Ephron, Geba, Geliloth, Gibeah, Gibeon, Haeleph, Irpeel, Jebus, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jordan River, Kiriath-baal, Kiriath-jearim, Luz, Mizpeh, Mozah, Nephtoah, Ophni, Ophrah, Parah, Ramah, Rekem, Salt Sea, Shiloh, Taralah, Valley of Hinnom, Valley of Rephaim, Zela, Zemaraim
Topics
Begins, Border, Boundary, Edge, Ephron, Extreme, Farthest, Fountain, Goes, Jearim, Kiriath, Kiriath-jearim, Kir'iath-je'arim, Kirjah-jearim, Kirjathjearim, Kirjath-jearim, Line, Nephtoah, Nephto'ah, Outskirts, Point, Quarter, South, Southern, Spring, Uttermost, Waters, West, Westward
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 18:11-28

     5235   boundary

Library
The Northern Coast of Judea. Beth-Horon.
This coast is marked out Joshua 18:12; where, at verse 14, are very many versions to be corrected, which render the sea; such are, the Syriac, the Seventy, the Vulgar, the Italian, ours, &c.: whence ariseth a sense of insuperable difficulty to a chorographical eye: when it should, indeed, be rendered of the west, as the Chaldee, Arabic, R. Solomon, &c. rightly do. We read of a double Beth-horon in the Old Testament, but one only under the second Temple... At that place that great Canaanitish army
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Ramah. Ramathaim Zophim. Gibeah.
There was a certain Ramah, in the tribe of Benjamin, Joshua 18:25, and that within sight of Jerusalem, as it seems, Judges 19:13; where it is named with Gibeah:--and elsewhere, Hosea 5:8; which towns were not much distant. See 1 Samuel 22:6; "Saul sat in Gibeah, under a grove in Ramah." Here the Gemarists trifle: "Whence is it (say they) that Ramah is placed near Gibea? To hint to you, that the speech of Samuel of Ramah was the cause, why Saul remained two years and a half in Gibeah." They blindly
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Beth-El. Beth-Aven.
Josephus thus describes the land of Benjamin; "The Benjamites' portion of land was from the river Jordan to the sea, in length: in breadth, it was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." Let these last words be marked, "The breadth of the land of Benjamin was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." May we not justly conclude, from these words, that Jerusalem and Beth-el were opposite, as it were, in a right line? But if you look upon the maps, there are some that separate these by a very large tract of land,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Retiring Before the Sanhedrin's Decree.
(Jerusalem and Ephraim in Judæa.) ^D John XI. 47-54. ^d 47 The chief priests therefore and the Pharisees gathered a council [called a meeting of the Sanhedrin], and said, What do we? [Thus they reproach one another for having done nothing in a present and urgent crisis. As two of their number (Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathæa) were afterwards in communications with Christians, it was easy for the disciples to find out what occurred on this notable occasion.] for this man doeth many signs.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Flight into Egypt and Slaughter of the Bethlehem Children.
(Bethlehem and Road Thence to Egypt, b.c. 4.) ^A Matt. II. 13-18. ^a 13 Now when they were departed [The text favors the idea that the arrival and departure of the magi and the departure of Joseph for Egypt, all occurred in one night. If so, the people of Bethlehem knew nothing of these matters], behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise [this command calls for immediate departure] and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt [This land was ever the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. Elementary Schools, Schoolmasters, and School Arrangements.
If a faithful picture of society in ancient Greece or Rome were to be presented to view, it is not easy to believe that even they who now most oppose the Bible could wish their aims success. For this, at any rate, may be asserted, without fear of gainsaying, that no other religion than that of the Bible has proved competent to control an advanced, or even an advancing, state of civilisation. Every other bound has been successively passed and submerged by the rising tide; how deep only the student
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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