Deuteronomy 14:7

But of those that chew the cud or have a completely divided hoof, you are not to eat the following: the camel, the rabbit, or the rock badger. Although they chew the cud, they do not have a divided hoof. They are unclean for you,

Study Bible

But of those that chew the cud or have a split hoof completely divided
This phrase introduces a specific dietary law given to the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "chew the cud" is "גֵּרָה" (gerah), which refers to animals that regurgitate their food and chew it again. This process symbolizes meditation and reflection, a spiritual discipline encouraged in the life of a believer. The "split hoof" or "פַּרְסָה" (parsa) represents discernment and separation, a call for the faithful to distinguish between holy and unholy, clean and unclean. The phrase "completely divided" emphasizes the completeness and thoroughness required in spiritual discernment.

you are not to eat the camel, the rabbit, or the rock badger
The camel, rabbit, and rock badger are specifically mentioned as unclean animals. The camel, known for its endurance and utility in desert regions, lacks the split hoof, symbolizing incomplete spiritual discernment despite its usefulness. The rabbit, or "אַרְנֶבֶת" (arnevet), is a creature that chews the cud but lacks the split hoof, representing those who may meditate on spiritual matters but lack discernment. The rock badger, or "שָּׁפָן" (shafan), is a small, defenseless creature that also chews the cud but lacks the split hoof, symbolizing vulnerability without proper spiritual separation.

Although they chew the cud, they do not have a split hoof
This phrase reiterates the importance of both meditation and discernment. Chewing the cud without a split hoof suggests an incomplete spiritual practice. It serves as a reminder that meditation on God's Word must be accompanied by discernment and the ability to separate oneself from worldly influences. The Hebrew understanding of these practices underscores the need for a holistic approach to faith, where contemplation and action are in harmony.

they are unclean for you
The term "unclean" or "טָמֵא" (tamei) signifies a state of ritual impurity, which in the Old Testament context, prevented individuals from participating in certain religious activities. This designation of uncleanness is not merely about physical health but is deeply symbolic of spiritual purity and holiness. For the Israelites, adhering to these dietary laws was an act of obedience and a means of maintaining their distinct identity as God's chosen people. In a broader spiritual sense, it calls believers to pursue holiness and to be set apart in their conduct and choices.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, delivering God's laws to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, receiving instructions on dietary laws.

3. Promised Land
The destination of the Israelites, where they are to live according to God's commandments.

4. Camel, Rabbit, Rock Badger
Specific animals mentioned as unclean for consumption.

5. Mount Sinai
The place where Moses received the Law from God, which includes dietary regulations.

Teaching Points

Holiness and Distinction
The dietary laws were given to set the Israelites apart as a holy nation. As Christians, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites were to obey God's laws as an act of worship and trust. Similarly, we are called to obey God's Word, trusting in His wisdom and sovereignty.

Understanding Context
While the specific dietary laws are not binding on Christians today, understanding their purpose helps us appreciate the continuity and fulfillment of God's plan through Christ.

Spiritual Cleanliness
The focus on clean and unclean animals points to a deeper spiritual truth about purity. We are to seek spiritual cleanliness through repentance and faith in Jesus.

Cultural Relevance
While the cultural context has changed, the principle of living a life that honors God remains relevant. We should consider how our choices reflect our commitment to God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the dietary laws in Deuteronomy 14:7 reflect God's desire for His people to be distinct from other nations?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of holiness in our daily lives, even if the specific dietary laws are not applicable?

3. How does the New Testament teaching on clean and unclean foods (e.g., Acts 10) influence our understanding of Deuteronomy 14:7?

4. What are some modern "unclean" influences that we should avoid to maintain spiritual purity?

5. How can we balance cultural relevance and biblical obedience in our lifestyle choices today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 11
This chapter provides a detailed list of clean and unclean animals, similar to Deuteronomy 14, emphasizing the importance of dietary laws in maintaining holiness.

Acts 10
Peter's vision of clean and unclean animals, which signifies the removal of dietary restrictions for Christians, highlighting the transition from Old Covenant to New Covenant.

Mark 7
Jesus teaches that it is not what goes into a person that defiles them, but what comes out, indicating a shift in understanding of purity.