Acts 28:2
The islanders showed us extraordinary kindness. They kindled a fire and welcomed all of us because it was raining and cold.
The islanders
The term "islanders" refers to the inhabitants of Malta, where Paul and his companions were shipwrecked. In Greek, the word used is "βάρβαροι" (barbaroi), which originally meant non-Greek speakers but later came to denote those considered uncivilized by Greek standards. However, in this context, it simply identifies the local people of Malta, who were likely of Phoenician descent. Their actions defy the stereotype of "barbaroi," as they demonstrate remarkable hospitality and compassion.

showed us extraordinary kindness
The Greek word for "kindness" is "φιλανθρωπία" (philanthropia), which means love for mankind or benevolence. This phrase highlights the unexpected and generous hospitality of the Maltese people. In a world where shipwrecked strangers could easily be met with hostility or indifference, the islanders' actions reflect a universal moral law written on their hearts, as described in Romans 2:14-15. Their kindness serves as a powerful example of God's common grace at work in all humanity.

They kindled a fire
The act of kindling a fire is both practical and symbolic. Practically, it provided warmth and comfort to the shipwrecked survivors, who were cold and wet. Symbolically, fire represents light, warmth, and life, echoing the divine presence and care. In the Old Testament, fire often signifies God's presence, as seen in the burning bush (Exodus 3:2) and the pillar of fire (Exodus 13:21). Here, the fire kindled by the islanders can be seen as a manifestation of God's providence and care through human agency.

and welcomed all of us
The phrase "welcomed all of us" underscores the inclusivity and generosity of the Maltese people. The Greek word "προσελάβοντο" (proselabonto) implies a warm reception and acceptance. This act of hospitality is reminiscent of the biblical call to love the stranger and the sojourner, as seen in Leviticus 19:34 and Hebrews 13:2. It reflects the Christian virtue of hospitality, which is a tangible expression of God's love and grace.

because it was raining and cold
The mention of rain and cold sets the scene and underscores the dire circumstances faced by Paul and his companions. The harsh weather conditions highlight the vulnerability of the shipwrecked survivors and the necessity of the islanders' kindness. This detail serves as a reminder of God's provision in times of need, as He often uses others to meet our physical and emotional needs. It also illustrates the biblical principle that God works through ordinary people and circumstances to accomplish His purposes, as seen throughout the narrative of Acts.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Islanders (Barbarians)
The term used here in Greek is (barbaroi), which referred to non-Greek speakers. In this context, it describes the native people of Malta who showed hospitality to Paul and his companions.

2. Paul
The apostle who was shipwrecked on the island of Malta during his journey to Rome as a prisoner. His leadership and faith are evident throughout the account.

3. Malta
An island in the Mediterranean Sea where Paul and his companions were shipwrecked. The islanders' hospitality is a key focus in this passage.

4. Shipwreck
The event that led Paul and his companions to Malta. It was a result of a storm that had been described in the previous chapter.

5. Fire
The islanders kindled a fire to provide warmth and comfort to Paul and his companions, demonstrating their kindness and hospitality.
Teaching Points
The Power of Kindness
The islanders' extraordinary kindness serves as a powerful example of how simple acts of hospitality can have a profound impact. As Christians, we are called to show love and kindness to all, regardless of their background or beliefs.

God's Provision in Difficult Times
Despite the shipwreck and harsh conditions, God provided for Paul and his companions through the kindness of strangers. This reminds us that God can use unexpected people and circumstances to meet our needs.

Hospitality as a Witness
The islanders' actions opened the door for Paul to minister to them later in the chapter. Our hospitality can serve as a witness to others and create opportunities for sharing the Gospel.

Responding to Adversity with Faith
Paul’s calm and leadership during the shipwreck and his response to the islanders' kindness demonstrate a faith that trusts in God's sovereignty, even in adversity.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the kindness of the islanders in Acts 28:2 challenge our own attitudes towards strangers and those in need?

2. In what ways can we practice hospitality in our daily lives, and how might this reflect the love of Christ to others?

3. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's provision in an unexpected way. How did this strengthen your faith?

4. How can we ensure that our acts of kindness and hospitality are genuine and not motivated by a desire for recognition or reward?

5. Considering the connection to Hebrews 13:2, how can we be more aware of the opportunities to "entertain angels" in our interactions with others?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Hebrews 13:2
This verse encourages believers to show hospitality to strangers, as some have entertained angels without knowing it. The islanders' actions in Acts 28:2 exemplify this principle of hospitality.

Matthew 25:35-40
Jesus speaks about the importance of caring for others, including strangers, as a reflection of serving Him. The islanders' kindness to Paul and his companions can be seen as an embodiment of this teaching.

Romans 12:13
Paul himself later writes about the importance of practicing hospitality, which he experienced firsthand on Malta.
Glad Surprises for Christian WorkersH. C. Trumbull, D. D.Acts 28:2
How to Maintain Spiritual WarmthC. Spurgeon.Acts 28:2
HumanityR. Tuck Acts 28:2
Kindling AfireC. H. Spurgeon.Acts 28:2
The Benignant SoulScientific IllustrationsActs 28:2
The Reward of KindnessActs 28:2
A Strong Family LikenessP.C. Barker Acts 28:1-6
The Instability of Ignorance, and the Stability of the True ChristianR.A. Redford Acts 28:1-6
A Picture of the HumanW. Clarkson Acts 28:1-10
Occurrences At MaltaE. Johnson Acts 28:1-10
Good in HeathendomD. Thomas, D. D.Acts 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaLisco.Acts 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaS. S. TimesActs 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaJ. Jackson Wray.Acts 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaD. S. Clark.Acts 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaJ. Parker, D. D.Acts 28:1-14
Paul At MaltaJ. A. Fletcher.Acts 28:1-14
The BarbarianF. W. Robertson, M. A.Acts 28:1-14
The MalteseK. Gerok.Acts 28:1-14
The World's Judgments FoolishLisco.Acts 28:1-14
Tomorrow, a RevealerH. C. Trumbull, D. D.Acts 28:1-14
People
Esaias, Isaiah, Paul, Publius
Places
Alexandria, Forum of Appius, Jerusalem, Judea, Malta, Puteoli, Rhegium, Rome, Syracuse, Three Taverns
Topics
Barbarians, Barbarous, Begun, Built, Cold, Common, Extraordinary, Falling, Fire, Foreigners, Kind, Kindled, Kindness, Lighted, Natives, Ordinary, Pelting, Present, Pressing, Rain, Raining, Received, Remarkable, Shewed, Shewing, Showed, Simple, Strange-speaking, Uncommon, Uncommonly, Unusual, Welcome, Welcomed
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Acts 28:2

     4806   cold
     4826   fire
     4844   rain
     4854   weather, God's sovereignty
     5809   compassion, human
     6672   grace, in relationships
     8291   kindness
     8447   hospitality, examples

Library
After the Wreck
'And when they were escaped, then they knew that the island was called Melita. 2. And the barbarous people showed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold. 3. And when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks, and laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand. 4. And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Last Glimpse of Paul
'And it came to pass, that, after three days, Paul called the chief of the Jews together: and when they were come together, he said unto them, Men and brethren, though I have committed nothing against the people or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans; 18. Who, when they had examined me, would have let me go, because there was no cause of death in me. 19. But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar; not that
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Paul in Rome
And Paul dwelt two whole years in his own hired house, and received all that came in unto him, 31. Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him.' --ACTS xxviii. 30, 31. So ends this book. It stops rather than ends. Many reasons might be suggested for closing here. Probably the simplest is the best, that nothing more is said for nothing more had yet been done. Probably the book was written during these two years.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

On Faith
"Without faith it is impossible to please him." Heb. 11:6. 1. But what is Faith? It is a divine "evidence and conviction of things not seen;" of things which are not seen now, whether they are visible or invisible in their own nature. Particularly, it is a divine evidence and conviction of God, and of the things of God. This is the most comprehensive definition of faith that ever was or can be given; as including every species of faith, from the lowest to the highest. And yet I do not remember any
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Pastoral and Personal
FOURTH GROUP OF EPISTLES FIRST TIMOTHY. TITUS. SECOND TIMOTHY. THE PLACE OF THE EPISTLES +When Written.+--It is generally agreed among scholars that no place can be found for the writing of First Timothy, Titus, and Second Timothy in the period covered by Luke in his narrative in Acts. Agreeing with the tradition of the church, however, the opinion of many eminent scholars is that Paul was released from the first Roman imprisonment (Acts 28:16, 30), that he again took up his missionary work, and
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Supremacy of Christ
THIRD GROUP OF EPISTLES COLOSSIANS. PHILEMON. EPHESIANS. PHILIPPIANS. THE QUESTION AT ISSUE +The Supremacy of Christ.+--These Epistles mark a new stage in the writings of Paul. The great question discussed in the second group of Epistles was in regard to the terms of salvation. The question now at issue (in Colossians, Ephesians, Philippian+The Reason for the Raising of this Question+ was the development of certain false religious beliefs among which were, "asceticism, the worship of angels,
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Apostle's Position and Circumstances
PHILIPPIANS i. 12-20 Disloyal "brethren"--Interest of the paragraph--The victory of patience--The Praetorian sentinel--Separatism, and how it was met--St Paul's secret--His "earnest expectation"--"Christ magnified"--"In my body" St Paul has spoken his affectionate greeting to the Philippians, and has opened to them the warm depths of his friendship with them in the Lord. What he feels towards them "in the heart of Christ Jesus," what he prays for them in regard of the growth and fruit of their
Handley C. G. Moule—Philippian Studies

The New Name of Methodism
Sunday, 9.--I declared to about ten thousand, in Moorfields, what they must do to be saved. My mother went with us, about five, to Kennington, where were supposed to be twenty thousand people. I again insisted on that foundation of all our hope, "Believe in the Lord Jesus, and thou shalt be saved." From Kennington I went to a society at Lambeth. The house being filled, the rest stood in the garden. The deep attention they showed gave me a good hope that they will not all be forgetful hearers. Sunday,
John Wesley—The Journal of John Wesley

Wesley in Wales
Monday, 15.--Upon a pressing invitation, some time since received, I set out for Wales. About four in the afternoon I preached on a little green at the foot of the Devauden (a high hill, two or three miles beyond Chepstow) to three or four hundred plain people on "Christ our wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption." After sermon, one who I trust is an old disciple of Christ, willingly received us into his house: whither many following, I showed them their need of a Saviour from these
John Wesley—The Journal of John Wesley

The Theme of Acts
'The former treatise have I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach. 2. Until the day in which He was taken up.'--ACTS i. 1, 2. 'And Paul dwelt two whole years in his own hired house, and received all that came in unto him, 31. Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him.' --ACTS xxviii. 30, 31. So begins and so ends this Book. I connect the commencement and the close, because I think
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Lix. What was Learned in God's House. Isaiah vi.
NOT SEEN BY EVERYONE THERE.--Isaiah had his eyes opened. The same awful Person had been present before, but had not been seen, and He is still there, but how few of us are conscious of His presence. How differently the church and chapel-goers would look next Sunday morning as they come home, if only they realised what had been going on in the place where they had spent the last hour. I. A LESSON FROM HISTORY.--"In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord." The King of Judah was dead, but
Thomas Champness—Broken Bread

The Church of Jerusalem and the Labors of Peter.
Su hei Petros, kai epi taute petra oikodomeso mou ten ekklesian, kai pulai hadou ou katischusousin autes.--Matt. 16:18. Literature. I. Genuine sources: Acts 2 to 12; Gal. 2; and two Epistles of Peter. Comp. the Commentaries on Acts, and the Petrine Epistles. Among the commentators of Peter's Epp. I mention Archbishop Leighton (in many editions, not critical, but devout and spiritual), Steiger (1832, translated by Fairbairn, 1836), John Brown (1849, 2 vols.), Wiesinger (1856 and 1862, in Olshausen's
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Quotations from the Old Testament in the New.
1. As it respects inspiration, and consequent infallible authority, the quotations of the New Testament stand on a level with the rest of the apostolic writings. The Saviour's promise was: "When he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth;" literally, "into all the truth," that is, as immediately explained, all the truth pertaining to the Redeemer's person and work. When, therefore, after the fulfilment of this promise, Peter and the other apostles expounded to their brethren
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Chronology of the Apostolic Age.
See the works quoted in § 20 p. 193, 194, especially Wieseler. Comp. also, Hackett on Acts, pp. 22 to 30 (third ed.). The chronology of the apostolic age is partly certain, at least within a few years, partly conjectural: certain as to the principal events from a.d. 30 to 70, conjectural as to intervening points and the last thirty years of the first century. The sources are the New Testament (especially the Acts and the Pauline Epistles), Josephus, and the Roman historians. Josephus ( b. 37,
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Mission and Return of the Seventy.
(Probably in Judæa, October, a.d. 29.) ^C Luke X. 1-24. ^c 1 Now after these things the Lord appointed seventy others [i. e., other messengers in addition to the twelve apostles], and sent them two and two before his face into every city and place, whither he himself was about to come. [Luke has told us of the journey through Samaria to Jerusalem, and John has told us what occurred at the Feast of Tabernacles in Jerusalem. We learn from John also that Jesus was at the Feast of Dedication (John
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Ancient Versions of the Old Testament.
In the present chapter only those versions of the Old Testament are noticed which were made independently of the New. Versions of the whole Bible, made in the interest of Christianity, are considered in the following part. I. THE GREEK VERSION CALLED THE SEPTUAGINT. 1. This is worthy of special notice as the oldest existing version of the holy Scriptures, or any part of them, in any language; and also as the version which exerted a very large influence on the language and style of the New Testament;
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Preaching (iii. ).
Eternal Fulness, overflow to me Till I, Thy vessel, overflow for Thee; For sure the streams that make Thy garden grow Are never fed but by an overflow: Not till Thy prophets with Thyself run o'er Are Israel's watercourses full once more. Again I treat of the sermon. We have looked, my younger Brother and I, at some main secrets and prescriptions for attractive preaching. What shall I more say on the subject of the pulpit? In the first place I will offer a few miscellaneous suggestions, and then
Handley C. G. Moule—To My Younger Brethren

Divine Healing.
The thirty-fifth chapter of Isaiah is a prophecy beautifully extolling the glories and virtues of Christ's redemptive works. "The desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose." "It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice even with joy and singing: the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the excellency of Carmel and Sharon, they shall see the glory of the Lord, and the excellency of our God.... Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped. Then shall the
Charles Ebert Orr—The Gospel Day

The Work of the Holy Spirit in Prophets and Apostles.
The work of the Holy Spirit in apostles and prophets is an entirely distinctive work. He imparts to apostles and prophets an especial gift for an especial purpose. We read in 1 Cor. xii. 4, 8-11, 28, 29, R. V., "Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.... For to one is given through the Spirit wisdom; and to another the word of knowledge, according to the same Spirit; to another faith, in the same Spirit; and to another gifts of healings, in the one Spirit; and to another workings
R. A. Torrey—The Person and Work of The Holy Spirit

First Missionary Journey Scripture
STUDY III FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY Scripture, Acts 13:1-14:26 INTRODUCTION TO THE THREE MISSIONARY JOURNEYS Before taking up the study of the first missionary journey, attention is called to certain points which should be considered in regard to all three of them (Acts 13:1-21:17). We have now arrived at what we might call the watershed of the Acts of the Apostles. Hitherto we have had various scenes, characters, personages to consider. Henceforth Paul, his labors, his disputes, his speeches, occupy
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Purpose in the Coming of Jesus.
God Spelling Himself out in Jesus: change in the original language--bother in spelling Jesus out--sticklers for the old forms--Jesus' new spelling of old words. Jesus is God following us up: God heart-broken--man's native air--bad choice affected man's will--the wrong lane--God following us up. The Early Eden Picture, Genesis 1:26-31. 2:7-25: unfallen man--like God--the breath of God in man--a spirit, infinite, eternal--love--holy--wise--sovereign over creation, Psalm 8:5-8--in his own will--summary--God's
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Interpretation of Prophecy.
1. The scriptural idea of prophecy is widely removed from that of human foresight and presentiment. It is that of a revelation made by the Holy Spirit respecting the future, always in the interest of God's kingdom. It is no part of the plan of prophecy to gratify vain curiosity respecting "the times or the seasons which the Father hath put in his own power." Acts 1:7. "Comfort ye, comfort ye my people, saith your God"--this is its key-note. In its form it is carefully adapted to this great end.
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

The Epistles of Paul.
1. The apostolic epistles are a natural sequence of the office and work committed by the Saviour to the apostles. They were the primitive preachers of the gospel, and, under Christ, the founders of the Christian church. From the necessity of the case they had a general supervision of all the local churches, and their authority in them was supreme in matters of both faith and practice. It was to be expected, therefore, that they should teach by writing, as well as by oral instruction. It does not
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

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