2 Chronicles 35:21

But Neco sent messengers to him, saying, "What is the issue between you and me, O king of Judah? I have not come against you today, but I am fighting another dynasty. God told me to hurry; so stop opposing God, who is with me, or He will destroy you!"

Study Bible

But Neco sent messengers to him
This phrase introduces Pharaoh Neco II, the king of Egypt, who plays a significant role in the geopolitical landscape of the ancient Near East. The act of sending messengers was a common diplomatic practice in ancient times, indicating a formal communication. Historically, Neco was on a campaign to assist the Assyrians against the rising Babylonian power, which adds a layer of complexity to the political alliances and conflicts of the era.

saying, 'What is the issue between you and me, O king of Judah?
Here, Neco questions King Josiah's motives for engaging in battle. The phrase reflects a diplomatic inquiry, suggesting that Neco did not perceive Judah as an enemy. This highlights the often intricate and shifting alliances in the ancient world, where kings had to navigate relationships carefully to maintain their power and protect their nations.

I have not come against you today
Neco clarifies his intentions, emphasizing that his military campaign is not directed at Judah. This statement underscores the importance of understanding the broader context of military actions in the ancient Near East, where campaigns were often aimed at strategic targets rather than direct confrontations with neighboring states.

but I am fighting another dynasty
This phrase indicates that Neco's campaign was part of a larger conflict involving other powers, specifically the Assyrians and Babylonians. The term "dynasty" suggests a focus on ruling families and their control over territories, reflecting the dynastic struggles that were common in the region.

God has told me to hurry
Neco claims divine guidance for his actions, a common assertion among ancient rulers to legitimize their campaigns. This highlights the belief in divine intervention in human affairs, a theme prevalent throughout the Bible. It also raises questions about discerning God's will, especially when different parties claim divine support for opposing actions.

so stop opposing God, who is with me
Neco warns Josiah against resisting what he perceives as a divinely sanctioned mission. This phrase challenges the reader to consider the complexities of interpreting divine will, especially when it appears to conflict with one's own understanding or national interests. It also serves as a reminder of the potential consequences of opposing God's plans.

or He will destroy you
The warning concludes with a stark consequence, emphasizing the seriousness of opposing what is perceived as God's directive. This reflects the biblical theme of divine judgment and the belief that God actively intervenes in the affairs of nations. It serves as a sobering reminder of the need for discernment and obedience to God's will, as understood through prayer, scripture, and wise counsel.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Neco
Pharaoh Neco II, the king of Egypt, who was on a military campaign against the Assyrians and sought to pass through Judah without conflict.

2. Josiah
The king of Judah, known for his religious reforms and dedication to God, who decided to confront Neco despite the warning.

3. Judah
The southern kingdom of Israel, ruled by Josiah, which was geographically situated between Egypt and Assyria.

4. God's Message
The divine communication that Neco claimed to have received, instructing him to proceed with his campaign and warning Josiah not to interfere.

Teaching Points

Discernment in Leadership
Josiah's failure to heed Neco's warning serves as a reminder of the importance of seeking God's guidance and discerning His will, even when it comes from unexpected sources.

The Danger of Presumption
Assuming that one's own plans align with God's will without seeking confirmation can lead to disastrous consequences, as seen in Josiah's untimely death.

God's Sovereignty in World Affairs
The passage illustrates that God can use even foreign rulers and nations to accomplish His purposes, reminding us of His ultimate control over history.

Listening to God's Warnings
The importance of being attentive to God's warnings, regardless of the messenger, is crucial for avoiding unnecessary conflict and aligning with His plans.

Humility in Decision-Making
Josiah's account encourages leaders and believers to approach decisions with humility, recognizing that God's perspective may differ from our own.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Josiah's decision to confront Neco reflect on his understanding of God's will, and what can we learn from his example about seeking divine guidance?

2. In what ways can we discern whether a message or warning is truly from God, especially when it comes from unexpected sources?

3. How does the concept of God's sovereignty over world events, as seen in this passage, influence our perspective on current global affairs?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure that our plans align with God's will, and how can we avoid the pitfalls of presumption?

5. How can we cultivate a spirit of humility in our decision-making processes, and what role does prayer play in seeking God's guidance?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Kings 23:29-30
This passage provides a parallel account of Josiah's encounter with Neco, offering additional context to the events leading to Josiah's death.

Proverbs 21:30
This verse emphasizes that no wisdom, understanding, or counsel can prevail against the Lord, highlighting the futility of opposing God's will.

Isaiah 55:8-9
These verses remind us that God's thoughts and ways are higher than ours, suggesting that human understanding is limited compared to divine wisdom.