2 Chronicles 10:17

but Rehoboam still reigned over the Israelites living in the cities of Judah.

Study Bible

But Rehoboam
The name "Rehoboam" is derived from the Hebrew "Rəḥaḇʿām," meaning "the people are enlarged" or "a people has enlarged." Rehoboam was the son of Solomon and the grandson of David, inheriting the throne of a united Israel. His reign marks a significant turning point in Israel's history, as it was under his rule that the kingdom divided. This division was a fulfillment of God's judgment due to Solomon's idolatry and disobedience. Rehoboam's name, ironically, suggests growth and expansion, yet his actions led to division and contraction of the kingdom.

still reigned
The phrase "still reigned" indicates continuity of authority and governance despite the political upheaval. Rehoboam's reign over Judah signifies the enduring Davidic line, which is crucial in biblical prophecy and the messianic expectation. The Hebrew root for "reigned" is "malak," which conveys the idea of ruling or having dominion. This continuity of reign, despite the division, underscores God's sovereign plan and the promise that David's line would endure, ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

over the Israelites
The term "Israelites" refers to the descendants of Jacob, also known as Israel. Historically, the Israelites were God's chosen people, set apart to be a light to the nations. In this context, it highlights the division within the chosen people, as ten tribes broke away to form the northern kingdom of Israel, leaving Rehoboam with the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. This division serves as a reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the importance of unity among God's people.

living in the cities of Judah
The "cities of Judah" refers to the southern kingdom, which included the tribe of Judah and parts of Benjamin. Judah was the largest and most influential tribe, and Jerusalem, the capital city, was located within its territory. The mention of "living in the cities" emphasizes the geographical and political reality of the divided kingdom. Judah's cities became the stronghold of the Davidic line and the center of worship with the Temple in Jerusalem. This setting is significant as it preserves the line through which the Messiah would come, maintaining the hope and promise of redemption for all nations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Rehoboam
The son of Solomon and the king of Judah. His reign marks the division of the united kingdom of Israel into two separate kingdoms: Israel and Judah.

2. Israelites
The descendants of Jacob, also known as Israel. In this context, it refers to those living in the southern kingdom of Judah after the division.

3. Judah
The southern kingdom that remained under the rule of Rehoboam. It consisted of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin.

4. Division of the Kingdom
A significant event in Israel's history where the united kingdom split into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah due to Rehoboam's harsh policies.

Teaching Points

Leadership and Wisdom
Rehoboam's failure to heed wise counsel led to the division of the kingdom. This highlights the importance of seeking and valuing godly wisdom in leadership.

Consequences of Pride
Rehoboam's pride and harshness resulted in the loss of unity among the tribes. Pride can lead to division and strife in our personal and communal lives.

God's Sovereignty
Despite human failures, God's sovereign plan unfolds. The division of the kingdom was part of God's larger redemptive history, reminding us that God is in control even in times of turmoil.

Unity in the Body of Christ
The division of Israel serves as a cautionary tale for the Church today. We are called to maintain unity and peace within the body of Christ, avoiding divisions that can weaken our witness.

Bible Study Questions

1. What leadership qualities did Rehoboam lack that contributed to the division of the kingdom, and how can we apply this lesson to leadership roles today?

2. How does the division of the kingdom illustrate the consequences of ignoring wise counsel, and what steps can we take to ensure we seek and follow godly advice?

3. In what ways does the account of Rehoboam and the divided kingdom demonstrate God's sovereignty, and how can this understanding bring comfort in our own lives?

4. How can the Church today learn from the division of Israel to promote unity and avoid divisions within the body of Christ?

5. Reflect on a time when pride led to negative consequences in your life. How can humility and seeking God's wisdom help prevent similar outcomes in the future?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Kings 12
This chapter provides a parallel account of the events leading to the division of the kingdom, offering additional insights into Rehoboam's decisions and the people's response.

2 Chronicles 11
This chapter continues the account, detailing Rehoboam's actions following the division and his efforts to strengthen his rule over Judah.

Deuteronomy 17:14-20
These verses outline the laws for kingship in Israel, providing a backdrop for understanding the expectations and failures of Rehoboam's reign.